Incidence, clinical implications and impact on public health of infections with Shigella spp. and entero-invasive Escherichia coli (EIEC): results of a multicenter cross-sectional study in the Netherlands during 2016–2017

Table 4 Degree secondary infections of infections with EIEC and Shigella, and culture-positive and culture-negative shigellosis

Secondary infections	EIEC^{a, b} (n = 32)	Shigella spp.^a (n = 254)	Univariate model, p-value	Multivariate model, p-value	Culture +/ PCR + ^{a, b} (n = 244)	Culture - / PCR + (n = 167)	Univariate model, p-value	Multivariate model, p-value
Related patients (% present)	47	39	0.393	0.785	40	39	0.865	0.930
When related patients, total number (median (IQR))	1 (1–2)	1 (1–2)	0.239	0.354	1 (1–2)	1 (1–3)	0.326	0.977

IQR Interquartile range. ^aone S. flexneri and one EIEC isolate were excluded from analysis, because they caused a double-infection. Bold values indicate significant results with p-values <0.05

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