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Table 1 Literature review of melioidosis thrombosis cases with summary of predisposing factors, clinical presentation, treatment and outcome

From: Fatal deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism secondary to melioidosis in China: case report and literature review

Reference

2006 [10]

2007 [16]

2018 [17]

2010 [18]

2015 [19]

2017 [11]

Our data

Cases number

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Country/Area

Thailand

Malaysia

India

Brunei

France

Thailand

China

Age(y)/Gende

42/male

33/male

23/male

48/male

52/male

54/male

54/male

Underlying disease

diabetes, mild alcoholic cirrhosis

NA

NA

diabetes

NA

diabetes

diabetes

Presentation

fever, headache, left hemiparesis, focal seizure, increased intracranial pressure

fever, seizures, altered conscious level and neck stiffness,

diplopia, decreased hearing

fever, rigor, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss

fever with chills, palpitations and an unproductive cough.

febrile, icteric, dehydrated

febrile, painful in left thigh with left lower limb swelling, chest tightness, shortness of breath

Thrombus site

dural sinus

superior sagittal sinus

dural venous sinus

splenic vein

splenic vein, right portion of the portal vein

left portal vein

left lower extremity

Sources Identification

blood

blood

brain tissue biopsy

blood, pancreas, lung, spleen, liver

blood, sputum

blood

blood, sputum, bone marrow

Antibiotic therapy

ceftazidime

NA

ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole

ceftazidime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, doxycycline, co-trimoxazole

ceftazidime, meropenem, co-trimoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,

ceftazidime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

levofloxacin, cefoperazone/tazobactam, imipenem

Other therapy

antiepileptic drug and anticoagulant

craniectomy and drainage of the abscess

anticoagulant

no other therapy

anticoagulant

anticoagulant

anticoagulant (low molecular heparin)

Outcome

recovered

recovered

no improvement

recovered

recovered

recovered

died

  1. *NA Not available