Table 1 Univariate and multivariate analyses of the demographic, clinical characteristics, and risk factors in CDI groups
Characteristics | CDI group (n = 33) | non-CDI group (n = 66) | Univariate Analysis | Multivariable logistic regression Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n(%)/mean ± SD | n(%)/mean ± SD | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
Male | 22 (66.7) | 39 (60) | 0.722 (0.301–1.732) | 0.465 |  |  |
Age (mean ± SD) | 54.15 ± 20.89 | 58.97 ± 14.87 | – | 0.242 |  |  |
Clinical features | ||||||
Hospital duration (days) (mean ± SD) | 35.39 ± 27.61 | 30.08 ± 33.11 | – | 0.429 |  |  |
Fever (≥ 38 °C) | 19 (57.6) | 11 (16.7) | 6.786 (2.634–17.483) | < 0.001* | 13.993 (3.292–59.472) | < 0.001* |
Leukocyte count (109 /L) (mean ± SD) | 9.79 ± 5.35 | 10.61 ± 6.24 | – | 0.992 |  |  |
Serum albumin (g/L) (mean ± SD) | 30.30 ± 6.02 | 29.97 ± 7.01 | – | 0.816 |  |  |
Serum creatinine rise> 50% (μmol/L) | 2 (6.06) | 12 (18.18) | – | 0.103 |  |  |
Mortality | 6 (18.2) | 11 (16.7) | 1.111 (0.371–3.325) | 0.851 |  |  |
Classification of primary diagnosis | ||||||
Gastrointestinal | 29 (87.9) | 55 (83.8) | 1.45 (0.424–4.959) | 0.552 |  |  |
Respiratory | 12 (36.4) | 26 (39.4) | 0.879 (0.37–2.086) | 0.770 |  |  |
Cardiovascular | 6 (18.2) | 14 (21.2) | 0.825 (0.285–2.39) | 0.723 |  |  |
Renal | 5 (15.2) | 17 (25.8) | 0.515 (0.171–1.546) | 0.231 |  |  |
Neurologic | 8 (24.2) | 9 (13.6) | 2.027 (0.701–5.862) | 0.187 |  |  |
Metabolic disorders | 22 (66.7) | 25 (37.9) | 3.28 (1.363–7.893) | 0.007* | 7.972 (1.767–35.971) | 0.007* |
NO. of comorbiditiesa | ||||||
1–2 | 15 (45.5) | 43 (65.2) | – | 0.037* |  |  |
3–4 | 16 (48.5) | 21 (31.8) | ||||
≥5 | 2 (6.1) | 1 (1.5) | ||||
Treatments and procedures | ||||||
Surgical intervention | 7 (21.2) | 15 (22.7) | 0.915 (0.332–2.523) | 0.864 |  |  |
Enteral feeding | 26 (78.8) | 33 (50) | 3.714 (1.416–9.74) | 0.006* |  |  |
PPI use | 17 (51.5) | 43 (65.2) | 0.568 (0.243–1.330) | 0.191 |  |  |
Antibiotics use | 31 (93.9) | 57 (86.4) | 2.447 (0.497–12.042) | 0.258 |  |  |
Antiviral drugs | 5 (15.2) | 1 (1.52) | 11.607 (1.296–103.948) | 0.007* |  |  |
Antifungal agents | 6 (18.2) | 6 (9.1) | 2.222 (0.657–7.522) | 0.191 |  |  |
Cephalosporin | 9 (27.3) | 26 (29.4) | 0.577 (0.232–1.435) | 0.234 |  |  |
Fluoroquinolone | 7 (21.2) | 2 (3.0) | 8.615 (1.678–44.247) | 0.003* | 42.696 (3.895–468.058) | 0.002* |
Carbapenem | 24 (72.7) | 35 (53.0) | 2.362 (0.955–5.843) | 0.060 |  |  |
Vancomycin | 10 (20.3) | 13 (19.7) | 1.773 (0.68–4.624) | 0.239 |  |  |
Metronidazole | 5 (15.2) | 22 (33.3) | 0.357 (0.121–1.052) | 0.056 | 0.042 (0.006–0.288) | 0.001* |
NO. of antibiotics receiveda | ||||||
0 | 2 (6.1) | 9 (13.6) | – | 0.024* | 2.856 (1.362–5.99) | 0.005* |
1–2 | 20 (6.1) | 48 (72.7) | ||||
≥3 | 11 (33.3) | 9 (13.6) | ||||