Table 3 Risk factors of incident TB disease in participants receiving first-line ART with death and loss to follow-up as competing risks

 18–29

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 30–39

1.09 (0.78–1.54)

0.58

1.00 (0.70–1.41)

0.99

1.15 (0.80–1.64)

0.44

1.02 (0.71–1.47)

0.90

0.92 (0.27–3.08)

0.89

0.95 (0.27–3.34)

0.94

 40–49

1.00 (0.69–1.45)

0.96

0.91 (0.62–1.33)

0.63

1.17 (0.80–1.72)

0.40

0.96 (0.65–1.43)

0.87

0.39 (0.10–1.44)

0.15

0.41 (0.08–1.90)

0.25

  > 50

0.94 (0.57–1.54)

0.80

0.84 (0.50–1.41)

0.51

1.12 (0.67–1.86)

0.64

0.94 (0.55–1.59)

0.83

–

–

–

–

 Female

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Male

1.31 (1.02–1.68)

0.03

1.33 (1.02–1.74)

0.03

1.44 (1.11–1.87)

0.006

1.35 (1.03–1.77)

0.02

0.96 (0.36–2.57)

0.94

1.14 (0.35–3.69)

0.81

  > 350

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 200–349

2.74 (1.41–5.33)

0.003

2.18 (1.09–4.36)

0.02

1.76 (0.84–3.68)

0.12

1.80 (0.86–3.76)

0.11

3.98 (0.81–19.51)

0.08

4.22 (0.89–19.94)

0.07

  < 200

4.90 (2.58–9.30)

< 0.001

3.75 (1.91–7.37)

< 0.001

3.04 (1.49–6.18)

0.002

3.03 (1.48–6.17)

0.002

8.80 (2.05–37-71)

0.003

9.95 (2.38–41.60)

0.002

 Semi-urban or rural

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Urban

1.56 (1.15–2.11)

0.004

1.53 (1.13–2.07)

0.006

1.38 (1.01–1.88)

0.03

1.42 (1.04–1.94)

0.02

4.52 (1.03–19.70)

0.04

4.60 (0.96–21.86)

0.05

 First-line

Ref

Ref

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Second-line

0.34 (0.21–0.56)

< 0.001

0.48 (0.28–0.82)

0.008

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 Per-year increase

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.10

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.88