Variables | Before matching | After matching | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 g | 2 g | ASMD | 1 g | 2 g | ASMD | |
n = 290 | n = 216 | n = 175 | n = 175 | |||
Median age (years) | 81 [71–87] | 78 [67–85] | 0.043 | 79 [70–86] | 77 [67–85] | 0.054 |
Sex (Male) | 167 (57.6) | 146 (67.6) | 0.208 | 117 (66.9) | 112 (64.0) | 0.060 |
Median body weight (kg) | 50.0 [42.0–59.3] | 53.4 [44.0–62.5] | 0.176 | 52.0 [45.0–62.5] | 52.6 [44.0–60.8] | 0.088 |
Preexisting comorbidity | ||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 77 (26.6) | 44 (20.4) | 0.146 | 39 (22.3) | 38 (21.7) | 0.014 |
Malignancy | 54 (18.6) | 42 (19.4) | 0.021 | 36 (20.6) | 33 (18.9) | 0.043 |
Bronchial asthma | 20 (6.9) | 27 (12.5) | 0.190 | 18 (10.3) | 14 (8.0) | 0.079 |
COPD or bronchiectasis | 46 (15.9) | 69 (31.9) | 0.384 | 44 (25.1) | 45 (25.7) | 0.013 |
Cerebrovascular diseases | 59 (20.3) | 47 (21.8) | 0.035 | 32 (18.3) | 33 (18.9) | 0.015 |
Heart failure | 46 (15.9) | 47 (21.8) | 0.151 | 32 (18.3) | 32 (18.3) | < 0.001 |
Liver disease | 11 (3.8) | 14 (6.5) | 0.122 | 9 (5.1) | 6 (3.4) | 0.085 |
Kidney disease | 31 (10.7) | 32 (14.8) | 0.124 | 20 (11.4) | 20 (11.4) | < 0.001 |
Dementia | 35 (12.1) | 21 (9.7) | 0.075 | 18 (10.3) | 18 (10.3) | < 0.001 |
Prescribed drugs | ||||||
Prednisolone | 8 (2.8) | 13 (6.0) | 0.160 | 8 (4.6) | 8 (4.6) | < 0.001 |
Anti-acid drug | 81 (27.9) | 79 (36.6) | 0.186 | 55 (31.4) | 53 (30.3) | 0.025 |
Sleeping drug | 41 (14.4) | 30 (13.9) | 0.007 | 25 (14.3) | 25 (14.3) | < 0.001 |
Community- acquired pneumonia | 202 (69.7) | 160 (74.1) | 0.101 | 132 (75.4) | 129 (73.7) | 0.039 |
Risk factors for aspiration pneumonia | ||||||
Overt aspiration | 35 (12.1) | 11 (5.1) | 0.251 | 10 (5.7) | 10 (5.7) | < 0.001 |
Vomiting | 3 (1.0) | 5 (2.3) | 0.100 | 3 (1.7) | 2 (1.1) | 0.048 |
Dysphagia | 32 (11.0) | 12 (5.6) | 0.200 | 13 (7.4) | 11 (6.3) | 0.045 |
Disturbance of consciousness | 10 (3.4) | 9 (4.2) | 0.038 | 7 (4.0) | 7 (4.0) | < 0.001 |
Neuromuscular diseases | 17 (5.9) | 5 (2.3) | 0.180 | 3 (1.7) | 5 (2.9) | 0.077 |
Tube feeding | 59 (20.3) | 47 (21.8) | 0.035 | 2 (1.1) | 1 (0.6) | 0.062 |
Bedridden status | 21 (7.2) | 13 (6.0) | 0.049 | 10 (5.7) | 10 (5.7) | < 0.001 |
Vital signs upon arrival at hospital (median) | ||||||
RR (breaths/minute) | 20 [18–24] | 22 [20–26] | 0.001 | 22 [18–26] | 22 [18–26] | 0.031 |
SBP (mmHg) | 131 [117–149] | 131 [118–152] | 0.061 | 133 [118–150] | 130 [114–150] | 0.043 |
PR (beats/minute) | 94 [84–107] | 96 [83–110] | 0.093 | 95 [84–109] | 94 [83–110] | 0.018 |
BT (°C) | 37.5 [36.8–38.3] | 37.5 [36.7–38.1] | 0.087 | 37.5 [36.8–38.1] | 37.5 [36.7–38.1] | 0.013 |
Laboratory data (median) and a chest xray finding at admission | ||||||
Hct (%) | 37.0 [33.1–40.5] | 36.9 [33.2–40.7] | 0.023 | 37.1 [33.5–40.8] | 36.9 [33.4–41.2] | 0.026 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 18.0 [14–24] | 17.9 [13.35–26] | 0.025 | 17.0[13.4–25.0] | 17.0[13.4–26.0] | 0.056 |
serum Na (mEq/L) | 138 [135–140] | 138 [136–140] | 0.033 | 139 [135–140] | 138 [135–140] | 0.027 |
Glu (mg/dL) | 124 [106–153] | 129 [109–154] | 0.018 | 125 [109–157] | 131 [110–159] | 0.038 |
Alb (mg/dL) | 3.4 [3.1–3.8] | 3.5 [3.2–3.9] | 0.165 | 3.5 [3.1–3.9] | 3.5 [3.1–3.9] | 0.033 |
Pleural effusion on chest xray | 18 (6.2) | 14 (6.5) | 0.011 | 11 (6.3) | 11 (6.3) | < 0.001 |