Table 2 Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of enrolled TB mortality cases categorized by genders
Variablesa | All (n = 3735) | Male (n = 2541) | Female (n = 1194) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Prior TB history | ||||
 No | 3033 (81.2%) | 1978 (77.8%) | 1055 (88.4%) | 0.000 |
 Yes | 677 (18.1%) | 547 (21.5%) | 130 (10.9%) |  |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Diabetes Mellitus | 947 (25.4%) | 647 (25.5%) | 300 (25.1%) | 0.863 |
 Chronic lung disease | 259 (6.9%) | 203 (8.0%) | 56 (4.7%) | 0.000 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 362 (9.7%) | 206 (8.1%) | 156 (13.1%) | 0.000 |
 Malignancy | 782 (20.9%) | 630 (24.8%) | 152 (12.7%) | 0.000 |
 HIV infection | 12 (0.3%) | 12 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.017 |
 No reported illness | 778 (20.8%) | 532 (20.9%) | 246 (20.6%) | 0.848 |
Symptoms | ||||
 Cough | 1641 (43.9%) | 1129 (44.4%) | 512 (42.9%) | 0.369 |
 Dyspnea | 1250 (33.5%) | 861 (33.9%) | 389 (32.6%) | 0.427 |
 Haemoptysis | 132 (3.5%) | 94 (3.7%) | 38 (3.2%) | 0.424 |
 Fever | 509 (13.6%) | 342 (13.5%) | 167 (14.0%) | 0.664 |
Cavitation on CXR | ||||
 Normal | 110 (2.9%) | 69 (2.7%) | 41 (3.4%) | 0.000 |
 Non-cavitary disease | 2714 (72.7%) | 1781 (70.1%) | 933 (78.1%) |  |
 Cavitary disease | 873 (23.4%) | 666 (26.2%) | 207 (17.3%) |  |
Lesion extension on CXR | ||||
 Normal | 110 (2.9%) | 69 (7.1%) | 41 (3.4%) | 0.624 |
 Unilateral disease | 1998 (53.5%) | 1355 (53.3%) | 643 (53.9%) |  |
 Bilateral disease | 1508 (40.4%) | 1035 (40.7%) | 473 (39.6%) |  |
AFB smear test | ||||
 Negative | 1889 (50.6%) | 1279 (50.3%) | 610 (51.1%) | 0.000 |
 Positive | 1753 (46.9%) | 1221 (48.1%) | 532 (44.6%) |  |
AFB culture test | ||||
 Negative | 989 (26.5%) | 693 (27.3%) | 296 (24.8%) | 0.021 |
 Positive | 2529 (67.7%) | 1717 (67.6%) | 812 (68.0%) |  |
Initial treatment regimen | ||||
 HERZ | 3042 (81.4%) | 2093 (82.4%) | 949 (79.5%) | 0.097 |
 HRE | 310 (8.3%) | 203 (8.0%) | 107 (9.0%) |  |
 No treatment | 383 (10.3%) | 245 (9.6%) | 138 (11.6%) |  |