Table 1 Study groups characteristics
Without exposure to TA and/or ddI (n = 397) | With exposure to TA and/or ddI (n = 451) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (sd) | 46.1 (10.5) | 55.2 (10.2) | < 0.0001 |
Sex, male, n (%) | 361 (90.9) | 373 (82.7) | 0.0006 |
Origin, n (%) | 0.0497 | ||
Scandinavian | 274 (70.3) | 343 (76.9) | |
Other EU | 49 (12.6) | 44 (9.9) | |
Middle East and Indian subcontinent | 13 (3.3) | 5 (1.1) | |
Other | 54 (13.8) | 54 (12.1) | |
BMI Categories, n (%) | 0.4838 | ||
<18.5 | 9 (2.3) | 11 (2.5) | |
18.5–24.9 | 211 (53.3) | 232 (51.8) | |
25–29.9 | 145 (36.6) | 156 (34.8) | |
30 | 31 (7.8) | 49 (10.9) | |
Smoking status, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||
Never smoker | 162 (41.8) | 136 (30.8) | |
Current smoker | 119 (30.7) | 112 (25.3) | |
Former smoker | 107 (27.6) | 194 (43.9) | |
Physical activity, n (%) | 0.0709 | ||
Very inactive | 36 (9.6) | 38 (8.8) | |
Moderately inactive | 117 (31.1) | 161 (37.4) | |
Moderately active | 161 (42.8) | 184 (42.8) | |
Very active | 62 (16.5) | 47 (10.9) | |
Exposure to thymidine analogues and didanosine, n (%) | – | ||
Prior exposure | – | 445 (98.6) | |
Current exposure | – | 6 (1.4) | |
Mode of HIV transmission, n (%) | 0.0032 | ||
Heterosexual | 64 (16.2) | 100 (22.4) | |
IDU | 5 (1.3) | 5 (1.1) | |
MSM | 311 (78.9) | 306 (68.6) | |
Other | 14 (3.6) | 35 (7.8) | |
CD4 nadir < 200 cells, n (%) | 89 (23.2) | 258 (57.8) | < 0.0001 |
Viral load < 50, n (%) | 369 (93.9) | 436 (97.1) | 0.0357 |
Current cART, n (%) | 397 (100.0) | 449 (99.8) | 1 |
VAT area, cm2, median [iqr] | 62.3 [32.2, 109.2] | 106.5 [55.8, 166.5] | < 0.0001 |
VAT density, HU, median [iqr] | -108.9 [− 113.6, − 104.9] | − 113.9 [− 115.7, − 109.7] | < 0.0001 |
SAT, cm2,median [iqr] | 137.9 [88.6, 198.2] | 126.2 [81.2, 177.2] | 0.0768 |
SAT density, HU, median [iqr] | − 110.4 [− 112.7, − 106.0] | −111.1 [− 113.7, − 108.1] | 0.0002 |
Adiponectin, μg/ml, median [iqr] | 11.8 [8.7, 14.7] | 11.5 [8.1, 16.3] | 0.4822 |
Low adiponectin, n (%) | 74 (23.3) | 105 (28.8) | 0.1173 |