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Table 2 Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of EPTB patients (n = 1222)

From: Treatment outcomes and risk factors of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with co-morbidities

Variables

Total n = 1222 (%)

Lymph node n = 324 (%)

Pleural effusion n = 227 (%)

Meningitis n = 122 (%)

Miliary n = 113 (%)

Bones n = 116 (%)

Gastro-intestinal n = 105 (%)

Spinal n = 93 (%)

Others n = 122 (%)

Gender

 Male

778(63.7)

214 (27.5)

155 (19.9)

75 (9.6)

83 (10.7)

72 (9.3)

55 (7.1)

61 (7.8)

63 (8.1)

 Female

444 (36.3)

110 (24.8)

72 (16.2)

47 (10.6)

30 (6.8)

44 (9.9)

50 (11.3)

32 (7.2)

59 (13.3)

Age (years)

 ≤ 15

55 (4.5)

14 (25.5)

7 (12.7)

7 (12.7)

2 (3.6)

0

11 (20)

4 (7.3)

10 (18.2)

 16–25

177 (14.5)

50 (28.2)

28 (15.8)

13 (7.3)

13 (7.3)

21 (11.9)

26 (14.7)

4 (2.3)

22 (12.4)

 26–35

296 (24.2)

118 (39.9)

33 (11.1)

28 (9.5)

30 (10.1)

34 (11.5)

17 (5.7)

10 (3.4)

26 (8.8)

 36–45

224 (18.3)

54 (24.1)

42 (18.8)

25 (11.2)

21 (9.4)

23 (10.3)

16 (7.1)

28 (12.5)

15 (6.7)

 46–55

233 (19.1)

46 (19.7)

47 (20.2)

20 (8.6)

23 (9.9)

23 (9.9)

24 (10.3)

27 (11.6)

23 (9.9)

 56–65

170 (13.9)

36 (21.2)

46 (27.1)

23 (13.5)

15 (8.8)

11 (6.5)

9 (5.3)

14 (8.2)

16 (9.4)

 ≥ 66

67 (5.5)

6 (9)

24 (35.8)

6 (9)

9 (13.4)

4 (6)

2 (3)

6 (9)

10 (14.9)

Race

 Malay

389(31.8)

132 (33.9)

62 (15.9)

26 (6.7)

34 (8.7)

39 (10)

31 (8)

31 ((8)

34 (8.7)

 Chinese

292 (23.9)

78 (26.7)

61 (20.9)

26 (8.9)

26 (8.9)

29 (9.9)

24 (8.2)

23 (7.9)

25 (8.6)

 Indian

128 (10.5)

34 (26.6)

30 (23.4)

6 (4.7)

16 (12.5)

10 (7.8)

12 (9.4)

10 (7.8)

10 (7.8)

 Immigrants Indonesian

63 (5.2)

13 (20.6)

16 (25.4)

7 (11.1)

7 (11.1)

7 (11.1)

5 (7.9)

4 (6.3)

4 (6.3)

 Immigrants Philippines

45 (3.7)

4 (8.9)

6 (13.3)

11 (24.4)

2 (4.4)

2 (4.4)

8 (17.8)

3 (6.7)

9 (14.3)

 Sarawakian

87 (7.1)

15 (17.2)

25 (28.7)

3 (3.4)

2 (2.3)

12 (13.8)

2 (2.3)

7 (8)

21 (24)

 Sabahian

189 (15.5)

36 (19)

18 (9.5)

42 (22.2)

26 (13.8)

16 (8.5)

21 (11.1)

13 (6.9)

17 (9)

 Others

29 (2.4)

12 (41.4)

9 (31)

1 (3.4)

0

1 (3.4)

2 (6.9)

2 (6.9)

2 (6.9)

Residence

 Urban

819 (67)

194 (23.7)

177 (21.6)

77 (9.4)

66 (8.1)

81 (10)

75 (9.2)

56 (6.8)

93 (11.4)

 Rural

403 (33)

130 (32.3)

50 (12.4)

45 (11.2)

47 (11.7)

35 (8.7)

30 (7.4)

37 (9.2)

29 (7.2)

Patient category

 Unknown

23 (1.9)

5 (21.7)

7 (30.4)

0

4 (17.4)

3 (13)

0

1 (4.3)

3 (13)

 New

1131 (92.6)

304 (26.9)

206 (18.2)

115 (10.2)

103 (9.1)

110 (9.7)

95 (8.4)

86 (7.6)

112 (9.9)

 Relapse

68 (5.6)

15 (22.1)

14 (20.6)

7 (10.3)

6 (8.8)

3 (4.4)

10 (14.7)

6 (8.8)

7 (10.3)

Co-morbidity

 Only TB

697 (57)

165 (23.7)

111 (15.9)

70 (10)

75 (10.8)

74 (10.6)

68 (9.8)

50 (7.2)

84 (12.1)

 TB-DM

180 (14.7)

40 (22.2)

61 (33.9)

16 (8.9)

7 (3.9)

10 (5.6)

17 (9.4)

13 (7.2)

16 (8.9)

 TB-HIV

188 (15.4)

70 (37.2)

22 (11.7)

20 (10.6)

18 (9.6)

23 (12.2)

11 (5.9)

9 (4.8)

15 (8)

 TB-Hep

60 (4.9)

9 (15)

16 (26.7)

6 (10)

4 (4.7)

3 (5)

3 (5)

15 (25)

4 (4.7)

 TB-DM-HIV

7 (0.6)

3 (42.9)

2 (28.6)

1 (14.3)

0

0

0

0

1 (14.3)

 TB-DM-Hep

11 (0.9)

1 (9.1)

2 (18.2)

2 (18.2)

1 (9.1)

0

4 (36.4)

1 (9.1)

0

 TB-HIV-Hep

79 (6.5)

36 (45.6)

13 (16.5)

7 (8.9)

8 (10.1)

6 (7.6)

2 (2.5)

5 (6.3)0

2 (2.5)

Smoking habit

 Ex-smoker

166 (13.6)

28 (16.9)

33 (19.9)

12 (7.2)

24 (14.5)

12 (7.2)

27 (16.3)

7 (4.2)

23 (13.9)

 No

647 (52.9)

180 (27.8)

114 (17.6)

62 (9.6)

57 (8.8)

56 (8.7)

58 (7)

50 (7.7)

70 (10.8)

 Yes

409 (33.5)

116 (28.4)

80 (19.6)

48 (11.7)

32 (7.8)

48 (11.7)

20 (4.9)

36 (8.8)

29 (7.1)

Drinking Habit

 Unknown

12 (1)

2 (16.7)

2 (16.7)

2 (16.7)

0

0

1 (8.3)

1 (8.3)

4 (33.3)

 No

1094 (89.5)

291 (26.6)

207 (18.9)

110 (10.1)

96 (8.8)

105 (9.6)

97 (8.9)

78 (7.1)

110 (10.1)

 Yes

116 (9.5)

31 (26.7)

18 (15.5)

10 (8.6)

17 (14.7)

11 (9.5)

7 (6)

14 (12.1)

8 (6.9)

IVDUa

 Unknown

23 (1.9)

7 (30.4)

7 (30.4)

1 (4.3)

3 (13)

1 (4.3)

2 (8.7)

1 (4.3)

1 (4.3)

 No

1113 (91)

301 (27)

205 (18.4)

105 (9.4)

100 (9)

111 (10)

96 (8.6)

86 (7.8)

109 (9.8)

 Yes

86 (7.1)

16 (18.6)

15 (17.4)

16 (18.6)

10 (11.6)

4 (4.7)

7 (8.1)

6 (7)

12 (14)

Marital status

 Unknown

22 (1.8)

4 (18.2)

6 (27.3)

2 (9.1)

5 (22.7)

2 (9.1)

0

0

3 (13.6)

 Married

539 (44.1)

99 (26.9)

72 (19.6)

35 (9.5)

46 (12.5)

32 (8.7)

35 (9.5)

17 (4.6)

32 (8.7)

 Unmarried

832 (68.1)

221 (26.6)

149 (17.9)

85 (10.2)

62 (7.5)

82 (9.9)

70 (8.4)

76 (9.1)

87 (10.5)

Education

 Unknown

876 (71.7)

224 (25.6)

162 (18.5)

97 (11.1)

84 (9.6)

78 (8.9)

80 (9.1)

63 (7.2)

88 (10)

 Primary

111 (9.1)

40 (36)

13 (11.7)

7 (6.3)

9 (8.1)

13 (11.7)

8 (7.2)

7 (6.3)

14 (12.6)

 Secondary

84 (6.9)

17 (20.2)

22 (26.2)

8 (9.5)

6 (7.1)

8 (9.5)

10 (11.9)

5 (6)

8 (9.5)

 College

42 (3.4)

23 (54.8)

7 (16.7)

0

1 (2.4)

1 (2.4)

2 (4.8)

5 (11.9)

3 (7.1)

 University

8 (0.7)

1 (12.5)

3 (37.5)

0

1 (12.5)

0

0

1 (12.5)

2 (25)

 Diploma

20 (1.6)

5 (25

1 (5)

0

0

10 (50)

1 (5)

3 (15)

0

 No formal education

81 (6.6)

14 (17.3)

19 (23.5)

10 (12.3)

12 (14.8)

6 (7.4)

4 (4.9)

9 (11.1)

7 (8.6)

Employment status

 Unknown

188 (15.4)

54 (28.7)

28 (14.9)

9 (4.8)

22 (11.7)

15 (8)

16 (8.5)

33 (17.6)

11 (5.9)

 Employed

342 (28)

104 (30.4)

67 (19.6)

30 (8.8)

25 (7.3)

42 (12.3)

22 (6.4)

26 (7.6)

26 (7.6)

 Unemployed

692 (56.6)

166 (24)

132 (19.1)

83 (12)

66 (9.5)

59 (8.5)

67 (9.7)

34 (4.9)

85 (12.3)

  1. TB-DM Co-infection of TB and Diabetes Mellitus, TB-HIV Co-infection of TB and HIV, TB-Hep Co-infection of TB and Hepatitis, TB-DM-HIV Co-infection of TB with Diabetes Mellitus and HIV, TB-DM-Hep Co-infection of TB with Diabetes Mellitus and Hepatitis, TB-HIV-Hep Co-infection of TB with HIV and Hepatitis
  2. aIntravenous Drug Users