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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 71 patients with AAV

From: Oral candidiasis is a significant predictor of subsequent severe infections during immunosuppressive therapy in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

 

Non-OC

(n = 54)

OC

(n = 17)

P value

Baseline characteristics

 Age (year)

73 (65–78)

71 (67–76)

0.576

 Male (N (%))

30 (55.6)

9 (52.9)

0.850

 Serum albumin (mg/dL)

3.0 (2.3–3.7)

2.8 (2.2–3.2)

0.138

 Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.9 (0.7–1.7)

1.2 (0.5–2.1)

0.925

 CRP (mg/dL)

3.3 (0.9–9.0)

4.8 (2.7–9.4)

0.196

 IgG (mg/dL)

1682 (1403–2046)

1674 (1170–1992)

0.454

Diagnosis

 MPA

45 (83.3)

13 (76.5)

0.196

 GPA

0 (0.0)

1 (5.9)

 EGPA

9 (16.7)

3 (17.6)

Antibody

 MPO-ANCA

50 (92.6)

17 (100)

0.513

 PR3-ANCA

1 (1.9)

0 (0)

 ANCA-negative

3 (5.6)

0 (0)

BVAS

13 (11–16)

15 (13–16)

0.183

 General

52 (96.3)

17 (100)

0.421

 Cutaneous

6 (11.1)

5 (29.4)

0.069

 Ear, nose, and throat

11 (20.4)

6 (35.3)

0.209

 Chest

26 (48.2)

6 (35.3)

0.353

 Cardiovascular

1 (1.9)

1 (5.9)

0.381

 Abdominal

3 (5.6)

0 (0)

0.321

 Renal

28 (51.9)

10 (58.8)

0.615

 Nervous system

17 (31.5)

8 (47.1)

0.241

Induction immunosupressive therapy

 Glucocorticoid monotherapy

45 (83.3)

14 (82.4)

0.939

 Intravenous cyclophosphamide

5 (9.3)

2 (11.8)

 

 Rituximab

4 (7.4)

1 (5.9)

 

 Use of mPSL pulse therapy

18 (33.3)

8 (47.6)

0.306

Maintenance immunosuppressive therapy

 Glucocorticoid monotherapy

34 (63.0)

9 (52.9)

0.863

 Oral cyclophosphamide

2 (3.7)

1 (5.9)

 Azathioprine

13 (24.1)

5 (29.4)

 Methotrexate

1 (1.9)

1 (5.9)

 Rituximab

4 (7.4)

1 (5.9)

Outcomes

 Remission

52 (96.3)

15 (88.2)

0.209

 Relapse

19 (38.0)

10 (62.5)

0.086

 Hemodialysis

2 (3.7)

2 (11.8)

0.209

 Deaths

4 (7.4)

1 (5.9)

0.830

 Severe Infection

8 (14.8)

11 (64.7)

< 0.001

 Observation period (months)

26 (12–51)

15 (5–47)

0.396

  1. Median (interquartile range), categorical values are expressed as number (proportion)
  2. For continuous variables, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed to assess the significance of inter-group differences
  3. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages and compared by using Fisher’s exact test
  4. ANCA anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, AAV ANCA-associated vasculitis, MPA microscopic polyangiitis GPA granulomatosis with polyangiitis, EGPA eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, BVAS Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, MPO myeloperoxidase, PR3 proteinase-3, OC oral candidiasis, mPSL methylprednisolone