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Table 4 Relative and additive effect modification of diabetes on active tuberculosis prevalence by body mass indexa

From: Interaction of nutritional status and diabetes on active and latent tuberculosis: a cross-sectional analysis

 

BMI Category (kg/m2)

< 18.5

18.5–22.9

≥23.0

TB cases/total

%

aPR (95% CI)

aPD (95% CI)

TB cases/ total

%

aPR (95% CI)

aPD (95% CI)

TB cases/ total

%

aPR (95% CI)

aPD (95% CI)

No history of diabetes

484/664

72.9

2.44 (2.09, 2.85)

0.40 (0.34, 0.45)

121/496

24.4

1.00 (Referent)

0.00 (Referent)

18/507

3.6

0.17 (0.11, 0.27)

−0.16 (−0.20, −0.13)

Prior diabetes diagnosis

80/82

97.6

2.38 (1.98, 2.86)

0.61 (0.53, 0.68)

145/157

92.4

2.45 (2.05, 2.92)

0.56 (0.49, 0.63)

71/126

56.4

1.73 (1.38, 2.17)

0.24 (0.15, 0.34)

Effect of diabetes within BMI strata

  

1.04 (0.93, 1.16)

0.17 (0.12, 0.23)

  

2.45 (2.05, 2.92)

0.56 (0.49, 0.63)

  

12.01 (6.98, 20.71)

0.50 (0.41, 0.59)

  1. aPD adjusted prevalence difference, aPR adjusted prevalence ratio, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, TB tuberculosis
  2. P for interaction additive and relative scales < 0.0001
  3. a Adjusted for age and sex, and accounting for clustering at the family-level with an exchangeable correlation matrix