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Table 1 Demographical and clinical data of adult patients with community-acquired sepsis by severity group

From: Clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes of community-acquired sepsis among adults: a single center, 1-year retrospective observational cohort study from Hungary

Parametersa

Total (n = 214)

Sepsis (n = 83)

Severe sepsis (n = 70)

Septic shock (n = 61)

p value

Age (years, median ± IQR, min–max)

60.0 ± 33.1 (18–93)

58.5 ± 26.5 (20–92)

61.3 ± 36.5 (18–95)

62.0 ± 26.5 (25–90)

0.58

Male gender

92 (43.0)

31 (37.3)

34 (48.6)

27 (44.3)

0.36

Comorbidities:

- Arterial hypertension

132 (61.7)

51 (61.4)

44 (62.9)

37 (60.7)

0.96

- Chronic heart disease

94 (43.9)

30 (36.1)

34 (48.6)

30 (49.2)

0.18

- Chronic lung disease

34 (15.9)

11 (13.3)

12 (17.1)

11 (18.0)

0.69

- Chronic kidney disease

50 (23.4)

15 (18.1)

21 (30.0)

14 (23.0)

0.22

- Chronic liver disease

55 (25.7)

13 (15.7)

21 (30.0)

21 (34.4)

0.02*

- Diabetes mellitus

61 (28.5)

24 (28.9)

24 (34.3)

13 (21.3)

0.26

- Malignancy

22 (10.3)

11 (13.3)

6 (8.6)

5 (8.2)

0.52

- Chronic corticosteroid use

17 (7.9)

2 (2.4)

11 (15.7)

4 (6.6)

0.01**

- Immunosuppression

57 (26.6)

18 (21.7)

24 (34.3)

15 (24.6)

0.19

- Cerebrovascular disease

58 (27.1)

22 (26.5)

13 (18.6)

23 (37.7)

0.04***

- Intravenous drug use

7 (3.3)

2 (2.4)

4 (5.7)

1 (1.6)

0.36

- Excess alcohol use

45 (21.0)

13 (15.7)

13 (18.6)

19 (31.1)

0.06

No. of comorbidities (per patient, median ± IQR, min–max)

3.0 ± 3.0 (0–8)

2.0 ± 3.0 (0–7)

3.5 ± 4.0 (0–8)

3.0 ± 3.0 (0–7)

0.07

Charlson score (median ± IQR, min–max)

4.0 ± 5.0 (0–12)

3.0 ± 5.0 (0–10)

4.5 ± 5.0 (0–12)

5.0 ± 5.0 (0–10)

0.17

Source of sepsis:

Head or neck source

29 (13.6)

13 (15.7)

10 (14.3)

6 (9.8)

0.58

- Meningitis

24 (11.2)

10 (12.0)

8 (11.4)

6 (9.8)

 

- Tonsillopharyngitis

4 (1.9)

3 (3.6)

1 (1.4)

0

 

- Otitis media

1 (0.5)

0

1 (1.4)

0

 

Thoracic source

30 (14.0)

11 (13.3)

10 (14.3)

9 (14.8)

0.96

- Pneumonia

28 (13.1)

10 (12.0)

9 (12.9)

9 (14.8)

 

- Endocarditis

2 (0.9)

1 (1.2)

1 (1.4)

0

 

Abdominal source

52 (24.3)

13 (15.7)

16 (22.9)

23 (37.7)

0.01*

- Peritonitis

12 (5.6)

2 (2.4)

1 (1.4)

9 (14.8)

 

- Cholangitis

19 (8.9)

5 (6.0)

8 (11.4)

6 (9.8)

 

- Colonic perforation

2 (0.9)

0

0

2 (3.3)

 

- Oesophagitis

1 (0.5)

1 (1.2)

0

0

 

- Enterocolitis

18 (8.4)

5 (6.0)

7 (10.0)

6 (9.8)

 

Skin and soft tissue source

20 (9.3)

8 (9.6)

5 (7.1)

7 (11.5)

0.69

- Cellulitis

17 (7.9)

6 (7.2)

4 (5.7)

7 (11.5)

 

- Diabetic foot infection

3 (1.4)

2 (2.4)

1 (1.4)

0

 

Urogenital source

53 (24.8)

26 (31.3)

18 (25.7)

9 (14.8)

0.07

- Urinary tract infection

50 (23.4)

23 (27.7)

18 (25.7)

9 (14.8)

 

- Pelvic inflammatory disease

3 (1.4)

3 (3.6)

0

0

 

Toxic shock syndrome

6 (2.8)

0

2 (2.9)

4 (6.6)

0.06

Unknown source

24 (11.2)

12 (14.5)

9 (12.9)

3 (4.9)

0.17

Signs of sepsis:

- Fever

192 (89.7)

74 (89.2)

66 (94.3)

52 (85.2)

0.23

- Hypothermia

2 (0.9)

0

2 (2.9)

0

n.a.

- Euthermia

21 (9.8)

9 (10.8)

3 (4.3)

9 (14.8)

0.12

- Hypotension

135 (63.1)

27 (32.5)

47 (67.1)

61 (100.0)

< 0.01*,**,***

- Tachycardia

135 (63.1)

33 (39.8)

46 (65.7)

56 (91.8)

< 0.01*,**,***

- Tachypnea

90 (42.1)

16 (19.3)

36 (51.4)

38 (62.3)

< 0.01*,**

- Oliguria

69 (32.2)

6 (7.2)

22 (31.4)

41 (67.2)

< 0.01*,**,***

- Altered mental status

84 (39.3)

16 (19.3)

25 (35.7)

43 (70.5)

< 0.01*,***

- Acute abdomen

26 (12.1)

7 (8.4)

8 (11.4)

11 (18.0)

0.18

- Bleeding

18 (8.4)

3 (3.6)

3 (4.3)

12 (19.7)

0.01*,***

- Skin lesion

56 (26.2)

16 (19.3)

16 (22.9)

24 (39.3)

0.02*

- Peripheral oedema

41 (19.2)

10 (12.0)

13 (18.6)

18 (29.5)

0.03*

- Splenomegaly

50 (23.4)

16 (19.3)

17 (24.3)

17 (27.9)

0.47

  1. a All parameters were documented at diagnosis of sepsis, and data are reported in absolute numbers and relative percentages (n, %), unless otherwise specified
  2. n.a. Not applicable.
  3. * p < 0.05 for comparison between the groups sepsis and septic shock
  4. ** p < 0.05 for comparison between the groups sepsis and severe sepsis
  5. *** p < 0.05 for comparison between the groups severe sepsis and septic shock