Organisma | Blood | CSF | Totalc |
---|
culture | PCR | LFAb |
---|
S. pneumoniae
d
| 7 | 9 | 3 | 11 | 14 |
E. coli
e
| 12 | 8 | 2 | – | 15 |
GBSf | 13 | 5 | 4 | – | 17 |
H. influenzae
| 0 | 0 | 1 | – | 1 |
N. meningitidis
| 1 | 0 | 1 | – | 1 |
Othersg | 14 | 9 | – | – | 23 |
enterovirus | – | – | 13 | – | 13 |
HSV h | – | – | 3 | – | 3 |
total | 47 | 31 | 27 | 11 | 85i |
- -, not detected
- a GBS, group B Streptococcus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus; VZV, varicella zoster virus
- b LFA, lateral flow assay
- c A causative agent was defined by a positive result tested by any of the methods
- d S. pneumoniae was isolated from both blood and CSF samples in 7 cases. Three pneumococcal cases were detected only by LAF due to the use of antibiotics before sampling
- e E. coli was isolated from both blood and CSF samples in 5 cases
- f GBS was isolated from both blood and CSF samples in 4 cases
- g Others included 6 of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 2 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 1 Staphylococcus capitis isolate from CSF samples; and 3 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 Staphylococcus capitis, 2 Staphylococcus hominis, 1 Acinetobacter baumannii, 1 Staphylococcus aureus, 1 Candida famata, and 1 Enterococcus aerogenes isolate from blood samples
- h The 3 isolates were typed using a commercial kit (Daan, China) and all were identified as HSV-1
- i Recurrent and co-infection were excluded