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Table 2 Pathogens detected in the 171 AMES cases by culture/PCR method

From: The etiology of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndromes in a sentinel pediatric hospital, Shenzhen, China

Organisma

Blood

CSF

Totalc

culture

PCR

LFAb

S. pneumoniae d

7

9

3

11

14

E. coli e

12

8

2

–

15

GBSf

13

5

4

–

17

H. influenzae

0

0

1

–

1

N. meningitidis

1

0

1

–

1

Othersg

14

9

–

–

23

enterovirus

–

–

13

–

13

HSV h

–

–

3

–

3

total

47

31

27

11

85i

  1. -, not detected
  2. a GBS, group B Streptococcus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus; VZV, varicella zoster virus
  3. b LFA, lateral flow assay
  4. c A causative agent was defined by a positive result tested by any of the methods
  5. d S. pneumoniae was isolated from both blood and CSF samples in 7 cases. Three pneumococcal cases were detected only by LAF due to the use of antibiotics before sampling
  6. e E. coli was isolated from both blood and CSF samples in 5 cases
  7. f GBS was isolated from both blood and CSF samples in 4 cases
  8. g Others included 6 of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 2 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 1 Staphylococcus capitis isolate from CSF samples; and 3 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 Staphylococcus capitis, 2 Staphylococcus hominis, 1 Acinetobacter baumannii, 1 Staphylococcus aureus, 1 Candida famata, and 1 Enterococcus aerogenes isolate from blood samples
  9. h The 3 isolates were typed using a commercial kit (Daan, China) and all were identified as HSV-1
  10. i Recurrent and co-infection were excluded