Demographic characteristic | High-income patient | Middle/low-income patient | Slum resident patient | Total | P value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Male | 151 | 52 | 64 | 51 | 90 | 49 | 305 | 51 | 0.83 |
Mean age in years (SD) | 3.2 | 4 | 5.9 | 5 | 6.3 | 5 | 4.8 | 5 | < 0.01 |
Child race or ethnicity | < 0.01 | ||||||||
White | 209 | 72 | 52 | 42 | 58 | 32 | 319 | 53 | |
Mixed (pardo or mestiço) | 63 | 22 | 58 | 46 | 108 | 59 | 229 | 38 | |
Black | 18 | 6 | 15 | 12 | 17 | 9 | 50 | 8 | |
Attends childcare center | 53 | 18 | 21 | 17 | 18 | 10 | 92 | 15 | 0.04 |
Child attends a public childcare center or school (vs private) | 9 | 6 | 55 | 67 | 93 | 79 | 157 | 26 | < 0.01 |
Stable income | 270 | 93 | 105 | 85 | 130 | 71 | 505 | 84 | < 0.01 |
Mean monthly household income in USD (SD) | 3500 | 2985 | 1005 | 1277 | 669 | 500 | 2141 | 2578 | < 0.01 |
Receives government financial assistance (Bolsa Família) | 3 | 1 | 41 | 33 | 76 | 43 | 120 | 20 | < 0.01 |
Geocoded distance to slum census tract | < 0.01 | ||||||||
Within slum census tract | 1 | 0.4 | 19 | 16 | 30 | 19 | 50 | 8 | |
Within 50 m | 6 | 2 | 12 | 10 | 66 | 41 | 84 | 14 | |
Within 100 m | 8 | 3 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 9 | 41 | 7 | |
More than 100 m | 250 | 94 | 69 | 59 | 49 | 31 | 368 | 62 | |
Number of persons in household | < 0.01 | ||||||||
2 (Single parent/guardian) | 10 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 27 | 5 | |
3 or 4 | 225 | 78 | 74 | 59 | 109 | 60 | 408 | 68 | |
5 or more | 55 | 19 | 45 | 36 | 63 | 34 | 163 | 27 | |
Other children 5 years or younger in household | 55 | 19 | 37 | 30 | 55 | 30 | 147 | 25 | 0.01 |
Residence type | < 0.01 | ||||||||
Apartment | 100 | 35 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 102 | 17 | |
House | 189 | 65 | 123 | 98 | 183 | 100 | 495 | 83 | |
Education of guardian | < 0.01 | ||||||||
Illiterate or incomplete primary education | 0 | 0 | 34 | 27 | 66 | 36 | 100 | 17 | |
Complete primary education or incomplete secondary education | 4 | 1 | 35 | 28 | 44 | 24 | 83 | 14 | |
Complete secondary education or incomplete higher education | 117 | 40 | 41 | 33 | 63 | 35 | 221 | 37 | |
Complete higher education | 169 | 58 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 192 | 32 | |
Employment status of guardian | < 0.01 | ||||||||
Employed | 254 | 85 | 75 | 60 | 120 | 66 | 440 | 74 | |
Unemployed | 8 | 3 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 25 | 4 | |
Stay-at-home parent/guardian | 30 | 10 | 30 | 24 | 47 | 26 | 107 | 18 | |
Other (retired, student etc.) | 7 | 2 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 24 | 4 | |
Animals living in the house | 119 | 41 | 70 | 56 | 87 | 48 | 276 | 46 | 0.02 |
Total | 290 | 49 | 125 | 21 | 183 | 31 | 598 | 100 |