Characteristics | Overall series | Propensity score-matched pairs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PHAP (n = 97) | CAP (n = 607) | P value | D | PHAP (n = 88) | CAP (n = 88) | P value | D | |
Age, years | 72 (65–78) | 71 (58–79) | 0.315 | 0.022 | 72 (65–69) | 72 (64–81) | 0.666 | 0.038 |
Male | 64 (65.9) | 358 (58.9) | 0.191 | 0.165 | 55 (62.5) | 59 (67.0) | 0.528 | 0.109 |
Aspiration tendencya | 22 (22.6) | 106 (17.4) | 0.216 | 0.180 | 20 (22.7) | 21 (23.9) | 0.858 | 0.035 |
Tube feeding | 4 (4.1) | 8 (1.3) | 0.070 | 0.675 | 4 (4.5) | 5 (5.7) | 1.000 | 0.129 |
Comorbidity | ||||||||
Malignancyb | 36 (37.1) | 90 (14.8) | < 0.001 | 0.673 | 27 (30.7) | 31 (35.2) | 0.521 | 0.113 |
Chronic liver diseasec | 5 (5.1) | 36 (5.9) | 0.762 | 0.082 | 4 (4.5) | 4 (4.5) | 1.000 | 0 |
Chronic heart diseased | 26 (26.8) | 79 (13.0) | < 0.001 | 0.494 | 22 (25.0) | 17 (19.3) | 0.364 | 0.182 |
Chronic kidney diseasee | 7 (7.2) | 64 (10.5) | 0.312 | 0.229 | 7 (8.0) | 9 (10.2) | 0.600 | 0.152 |
Diabetes mellitusf | 31 (31.9) | 125 (20.5) | 0.012 | 0.328 | 27 (30.7) | 30 (34.1) | 0.629 | 0.085 |
Chronic respiratory diseaseg | 42 (43.2) | 153 (25.2) | < 0.001 | 0.451 | 38 (43.2) | 33 (37.5) | 0.442 | 0.130 |
Central nervous system disordersh | 19 (19.5) | 100 (16.4) | 0.447 | 0.116 | 19 (21.6) | 20 (22.7) | 0.856 | 0.036 |
Two or more comorbidities | 45 (46.3) | 193 (31.7) | 0.005 | 0.341 | 40 (45.5) | 36 (40.9) | 0.543 | 0.102 |
Clinical parameters | ||||||||
Body temperature (°C) | 37.5 (36.8–38.2) | 37.5 (36.9–38.3) | 0.943 | 0.044 | 37.5 (36.8–38.2) | 37.7 (37.1–38.3) | 0.442 | 0.054 |
Altered mental statei | 10 (10.3) | 36 (5.9) | 0.105 | 0.331 | 8 (18.1) | 7 (8.0) | 0.787 | 0.080 |
Respiratory failurej | 52 (53.6) | 161 (26.5) | < 0.001 | 0.642 | 43 (48.9) | 42 (47.7) | 0.880 | 0.025 |
Sepsis or septic shock at onsetk | 21 (21.6) | 63 (10.3) | 0.001 | 0.479 | 16 (18.2) | 18 (20.5) | 0.703 | 0.080 |
Intensive care unit admission | 19 (19.5) | 66 (10.8) | 0.014 | 0.381 | 16 (18.2) | 13 (14.8) | 0.542 | 0.137 |
Need for ventilation | 5 (5.1) | 43 (7.0) | 0.484 | 0.119 | 5 (5.7) | 4 (4.5) | 1.000 | 0.129 |
Radiological findings | ||||||||
Multi-lobar involvement | 43 (44.3) | 271 (44.6) | 0.954 | 0.007 | 37 (42.0) | 36 (40.9) | 0.878 | 0.025 |
Pleural effusion | 18 (18.5) | 115 (18.9) | 0.928 | 0.014 | 16 (18.2) | 14 (15.9) | 0.688 | 0.088 |
Initial antibiotics | ||||||||
CAP targeted therapy | 57 (58.8) | 526 (86.7) | < 0.001 | 0.836 | 57 (64.8) | 61 (69.3) | 0.521 | 0.113 |
HAP targeted therapy | 40 (41.2) | 81 (13.3) | < 0.001 | 0.836 | 31 (35.2) | 27 (30.7) | 0.521 | 0.113 |
Laboratory findings | ||||||||
White blood cells (/mm3) | 11,400 (7100-15,850) | 10,600 (7900-14,500) | 0.712 | 0.116 | 12,100 (7525-16,175) | 12,400 (9225-15,850) | 0.270 | 0.017 |
C-reactive protein (mg/dl) | 9.1 (4.1–17.0) | 9.8 (4.0–17.0) | 0.698 | 0.034 | 8.4 (3.9–16.1) | 9.8 (4.0–17.1) | 0.644 | 0.045 |
Indices for disease severity | ||||||||
PSI score | 120 (91–137) | 89 (67–117) | < 0.001 | 0.647 | 113 (87–134) | 114 (92–140) | 0.492 | 0.129 |