Table 5 Results of logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors and their association with seroprevalence of typhoid fever among febrile patients in Ambo hospital
| Â | Univariable | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Categories | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
Age | ≥36 years | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
7–18 years | 1.43 (0.74, 2.80) | 0.290 | 1.19 (0.42, 3.39) | 0.743 | |
19–35 years | 2.25 (1.42, 3.57) | 0.001 | 2.45 (1.38, 4.37) | 0.002 | |
Sex | Male | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
Female | 1.67 (1.10, 2.54) | 0.016 | 1.51 (0.83, 2.73) | 0.174 | |
Religion | Protestant | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
Orthodox | 1.68 (1.10, 2.56) | 0.016 | 2.12 (1.31, 3.45) | 0.002 | |
Others | 7.39 (1.63, 33.43) | 0.009 | 15.57 (3.01, 80.64) | 0.001 | |
Education | Illiterate | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
High school | 1.11 (0.60, 2.56) | 0.740 | 1.75 (0.76, 4.03) | 0.187 | |
Tertiary | 1.16 (0.63, 2.15) | 0.631 | 2.66 (0.94, 7.54) | 0.065 | |
Elementary | 1.44 (0.84, 2.46) | 0.183 | 2.60 (1.27, 5.28) | 0.009 | |
Marital status | Married | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
Single | 1.33 (0.84, 2.10) | 0.221 | 2.78 (0.97, 7.98) | 0.058 | |
Family size | 6–8 | 100 | – | 1.00 | – |
3–5 | 1.02 (0.61, 1.71) | 0.944 |  |  | |
9–12 | 1.10 (0.46, 2.64) | 0.831 |  |  | |
≤2 | 1.34 (0.79, 2.28) | 0.273 |  |  | |
Occupation | Gov.employee | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
Self-employee | 1.32 (0.69, 2.53) | 0.395 | 1.59 (0.64, 3.97) | 0.317 | |
Students | 1.56 (0.81, 3.02) | 0.182 | 1.12 (0.37, 3.71) | 0.790 | |
House wife | 1.82 (0.98, 3.38) | 0.059 | 2.46 (0.94, 6.43) | 0.067 | |
Knowledge | No | 1.00 | – |  |  |
Yes | 1.28 (0.82,1.98 | 0.277 | Â | Â | |
Raw milk | No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
consumption | Yes | 1.67 (0.96, 2.90) | 0.068 | 2.19 (1.16, 4.16) | 0.016 |
Raw meat | No | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
consumption | Yes | 1.81(1.17, 2.81) | 0.008 | 1.80 (1.07, 3.01) | 0.026 |
Raw veg. | No | 1.00 | – |  |  |
consumption | Yes | 1.04 (0.68, 1.59) | 0.845 | Â | Â |
Water source | Pipe | 1.00 | – |  |  |
Stream | 1.63 (1.04, 2.57) | 0.034 | 2.20 (1.21, 3.98) | 0.009 | |
Toilet in home | Yes | 1.00 | – |  |  |
No | 1.32 (0.78, 2.23) | 0.295 | Â | Â | |
Other disease | Yes | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
No | 1.46 (0.84, 2.52) | 0.177 | 1.48 (0.78, 2.82) | 0.229 | |
Antacid use | Yes | 1.00 | – |  |  |
No | 1.19 (0.72, 1.99) | 0.501 | Â | Â | |
Hand washing | Yes | 1.00 | – |  |  |
No | 1.01 (0.67, 1.51) | 0.980 | Â | Â | |
Culture | Negative | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | 1.00 |
(S.T, S.P) | Positive | 3.20(0.67, 15.30) | 0.144 | 3.72 (0.71,19.58) | 0.121 |