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Table 1 Maternal demographics between cases and controls

From: Factors associated with the development of Congenital Zika Syndrome: a case-control study

Maternal demographic and gestational variables

Total population (n = 42)

Controls (n = 18)

Cases (n = 24)

P-value

Week of gestation at time of symptoms, median (IQRa)

13 (8.25–24.25)

20

10

<  0,01

Maternal age at delivery in years, median (IQR)

21 (19.75–29)

26.5

23

0.95

Week of gestation at delivery, median (IQR) (missing data: 1)

38 (37–39)

39

38

<  0.02

Household income per capitab, median (IQR) (missing data: 15)

0.43 (0.25–0.71)

0.33

0.46

0.60

No. of previous gestations, median (IQR)

1 (0–3)

1

2

0.89

Week of gestation at first prenatal visit, median (IQR) (missing data: 14)

7 (6–15.25)

6.5

7.5

0.96

Substance use during pregnancy (%)

 Tobacco

6/40 (15.00%)

2/18 (11.11%)

4/22 (18.18%)

0.67

 Alcohol

10/41 (24.39%)

4/18 (22.22%)

6/23 (26.09%)

1

 Illicit drugs

2/40 (5.00%)

0/18 (0%)

2/22 (9.09%)

0.49

Maternal coinfections during pregnancyc (%)

 Syphilis

3/34 (8.10%)

2/16 (12.50%)

1/21 (4.76%)

0.57

 Human Immunodeficiency Virus

4/37 (10.81%)

3/16 (18.75%)

1/21 (4.76%)

0.30

Maternal dengue virus IgG reactivity at initial evaluation (%)

9/24 (37.50%)

5/12 (41.67%)

4/12 (33.33%)

1

  1. aIQR, interquartile range
  2. bHousehold income was presented in monthly Brazilian minimum wages, which is R$937 Brazilian reals (approximately $290 U.S. dollars)
  3. cThere was no evidence of toxoplasmosis coinfection among the 35 pregnant women tested