Fig. 1

Study and participant selection flow diagram. Of 20 potentially eligible studies, 13 met study-level eligibility criteria. The 13 eligible studies included 5099 participants, of whom 339 (7%) did not meet participant-level eligibility criteria. Of the 4760 eligible participants, 1810 (38%) were included in the analysis for reference standard 1, 3110 (65%) for reference standard 2, and 4596 (97%) for reference standard 3. Abbreviations: TB, Tuberculosis; MTB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; μL, microliter