Characteristic | TCD infection (N = 73) n (%) | Control (N = 766) n (%) | P valuea |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | |||
 Age (Median, Interquartile range) | 52 (37.3–64.8) | 51 (38–63) | 0.908 |
 Age ≥ 65 years | 18 (25.0) | 155 (20.2) | 0.868 |
 Male sex | 58 (79.5) | 500 (65.3) | 0.098 |
 Community-acquired diarrhea | 15 (20.5) | 168 (21.9) | 0.980 |
 Gastrointestinal disease | 22 (30.1) | 217 (28.3) | 1.042 |
 Hepatobiliary disease | 6 (8.2) | 65 (8.5) | 1.026 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 6 (8.2) | 51 (6.7) | 0.910b |
 Kidney disease | 9 (12.3) | 13 (1.7) | < 0.001 *** |
 Hemopathy | 4 (5.5) | 36 (4.7) | 1.038b |
 Malignancy | 4 (5.5) | 21 (2.7) | 0.843b |
 Autoimmune disease | 1 (1.4) | 15 (2.0) | 1.000b |
 Diabetes mellitus | 5 (6.8) | 44 (5.7) | 0.922b |
Presumed risk factors | |||
 Prior hospitalization | 43 (58.9) | 458 (59.8) | 1.030 |
 Antibiotic | 53 (72.6) | 380 (49.6) | 0.003** |
  No. of antibiotics (≥3) | 14 (19.2) | 112 (14.6) | 0.373 |
  Aminoglycosides | 2 (2.7) | 10 (1.3) | 0.401b |
  β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations | 34 (46.6) | 165 (21.5) | < 0.001*** |
  Carbapenems | 17 (23.3) | 127 (16.6) | 0.365 |
  3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins | 3 (4.1) | 10 (1.3) | 0.320b |
  Fluoroquinolones | 24 (32.9) | 147 (19.2) | 0.030* |
  Glycopeptide | 6 (8.2) | 38 (5.0) | 0.440b |
  Tetracyclines | 3 (4.1) | 47 (6.1) | 0.681b |
  Metronidazole | 4 (5.5) | 51 (6.7) | 0.697b |
  Vancomycin | 4 (5.5) | 20 (2.6) | 0.296b |
 Proton pump inhibitors | 45 (61.6) | 421 (55.0) | 0.793 |
 Nasogastric tube | 11 (15.1) | 89 (1.6) | 0.842 |
 Abdominal surgery | 2 (2.7) | 29 (3.8) | 1.000b |
 Chemotherapy | 2 (2.7) | 37 (4.8) | 0.947b |
 Immunosuppressive agents | 2 (2.7) | 10 (1.3) | 0.757b |
Biological parameters | |||
 WBC (×109/L) | 6.5 (4.54–9.26) | 6.23 (4.89–8.10) | 1.034 |
 WBC count > 9.5 × 109/L | 17 (23.3) | 152 (11.8) | 0.939 |
 NEU% | 73.6 (64.9–81.4) | 64.00 (56.5–75.7) | 0.035* |
 Neutropenia (> 75%) | 29 (39.7) | 241 (31.5) | 0.579 |
 HB (g/L) | 116 (92–128) | 123.00 (108–135) | 0.655 |
 PLT (×109/) | 204 (138--271) | 192.00 (155–262) | 0.933 |
 ALB (g/L) | 36 (30.1–41.1) | 40.4 (35.3–42.4) | 0.420 |
 Hypoalbuminemia (< 35 g/L) | 33 (45.2) | 206 (26.9) | 0.012* |
 AST (U/L) | 19 (13–26) | 18 (15–26) | 0.999 |
 CRE (umol/L) | 73 (53–100) | 65 (56–83) | 0.728 |
 Serum creatinine > 195 μmol/L | 3 (4.1) | 10 (1.3) | 0.420b |
 hsCRP (mg/L) | 11.1 (4.8–77.7) | 4.6 (0.7–27.6) | 0.426 |
Clinical symptoms | |||
 Abdominal pain | 7 (9.6) | 57 (7.4) | 0.938 |
 Fever | 4 (5.5) | 36 (4.7) | 0.999b |
 Vomit | 1 (1.4) | 8 (1.0) | 0.982 |
 Hematochezia | 6 (8.2) | 57 (7.4) | 0.978 |