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Table 3 Comparison of characteristics of acute viral hepatitis cases by virus type at hepatitis sentinel surveillance infectious disease hospitals between 2001 and 2004 and 2014–2017, Egypt

From: Evidence of sustained reductions in the relative risk of acute hepatitis B and C virus infections, and the increasing burden of hepatitis a virus infection in Egypt: comparison of sentinel acute viral hepatitis surveillance results, 2001–17

Item

HAV

HBV

HCV

2001–2004

2014–2017

RR

95% CI

2001–2004

2014–2017

RR

95% CI

2001–2004

2014–2017

RR

95% CI

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

Viral cause

1684

40.2

8362

89.7

↑2.3

2.3–2.4

1256

30.0

238

2.8

↓0.1

0.1–0.11

1249

29.8

252

3.0

↓0.1

0.1–0.12

Male gender

1057

62.8

4540

58.2

0.9

0.89–1.0

883

70.3

183

76.9

↑1.2

1.1–1.3

847

67.8

191

75.8

1.1

1.0–1.2

Age group (years)

 < 5

521

30.9

1936

24.8

↓↑0.8

0.7–0.9

8

0.6

2

0.8

1.3

0.3–6.2

3

0.2

4

1.6

6.6

1.5–29.3

 5–19

1047

62.2

5329

68.3

1.1

1.1–1.14

232

18.5

13

5.5

↓0.3

0.2–0.5

48

3.8

14

5.6

1.6

0.8–3.0

 20–44

97

5.8

522

6.7

1.2

0.9–1.4

796

63.4

182

76.5

1.2

1.0–1.3

582

46.6

112

44.4

1.0

0.8–1. 2

 45–64

15

0.9

14

0.2

0.2

0.1–0.4

168

13.4

36

15.1

1.1

0.8–1.6

508

40.7

79

31.3

↑0.9

0.7–1.0

 ≥65

4

0.2

5

0.1

0.3

0.1–1.0

52

4.1

5

2.1

0.5

0.2–1.3

108

8.6

43

17.1

1.9

1.2–2.9

Region

 Urban

905

53.7

6195

79.4

↑1.4

1.3–1.4

956

76.1

207

87.0

↑1.1

1.1–1.2

1095

87.7

206

81.7

0.9

0.8–1.0

 Rural

779

46.3

1611

20.6

↓0.4

0.4–0.5

300

23.9

25

10.5

↓0.5

0.2–0.6

154

12.3

46

18.3

↑1.5

1.1–2.0

Risk factors

 Received injection

278

16 .5

1939

24.8

↑1.5

1.3–1.7

352

28.0

72

30.3

1.1

0.9–1.3

443

35.5

90

35.7

1.0

0.8–1.2

 Surgery

42

2.5

110

1.4

↓0.6

0.4–0.8

132

10.5

10

4.2

↓0. 4

0.2–0.7

183

14.7

13

5.2

↓0.4

0.2–0.6

 Dental procedure

97

5.8

492

6.3

1.1

0.9–1.4

151

12.0

17

7.1

0.6

0.4–1.0

158

12.7

23

9.1

0.7

0.5–1.1

 Blood transfusion

12

0.7

7

0.1

↓0.1

0.1–0.3

51

4.1

2

0.8

↓0.2

0.1–0.8

100

8.0

5

2.0

↓0.2

0.1–0.6

 IV drug use

23

1.4

6

0.1

0.1

0.02–0.1

135

10.7

35

14.7

1.4

1.0–1.9

91

7.3

19

7.5

1.0

0.6–1.7

 Household contact

111

6.6

888

11.4

↑1.7

1.4–2.1

61

4.9

6

2.5

0.5

0.2–1.2

36

2.9

6

2.4

0.8

0.4–1.9

 Case fatality ratio

3

0.2

9

0.1

0.6

0.2–2.4

5

0.4

3

1.3

↑15.8

4.3–58.1

3

0.2

6

2.4

↑9.9

2.5–39.4

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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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