Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with MDR and non-MDR infections
Variable | MDR (n = 35) | Non-MDR (n = 30) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Male | 27 (56.3) | 21 (43.8) | 0.579 |
Age | 63.8 ± 11.9 | 57.3 ± 9.7 | 0.018 |
Age groups | |||
35–64 | 17 (41.4) | 24 (58.6) | 0.214 |
> 65 | 18 (75.0) | 6 (25.0) | 0.011 |
Etiology of cirrhosis | |||
Alcohol | 27 (57.4) | 20 (42.6) | 0.411 |
Viral | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 0.678 |
Metabolic | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1.000 |
Autoimmune | 1 (14.3) | 6 (85.7) | 0.026 |
Cryptogenic | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 1.000 |
Comorbidities | |||
DM | 10 (66.7) | 5 (33.3) | 0.377 |
Renal Insufficiency | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | 1.000 |
Renal or urethral structural abnormalities | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 1.000 |
Co-infections | |||
Pneumonia | 10 (66.7) | 5 (33.3) | 0.377 |
Sepsis | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | 1.000 |
Clostridium difficile | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 0.618 |
Clinical characteristics | |||
Indwelling Urinary Catheter | 15 (45.5) | 18 (54.5) | 0.216 |
Antibiotic use in the last 7 days | 26 (65.0) | 14 (35.0) | 0.040 |
Antibiotic use in the last 90 days | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 1.000 |
Fluoroquinolones | 9 (50.0) | 9 (50.0) | 0.784 |
Cephalosporins | 12 (80.0) | 3 (20.0) | 0.021 |
Aminoglycosides | 2 (40.0) | 3 (60.0) | 0.655 |
Metronidazole | 14 (70.0) | 6 (30.0) | 0.108 |
Other | 5 (55.6) | 4 (44.4) | 1.000 |
CP Class C | 27 (61.4) | 17 (38.6) | 0.111 |
MELD score | 21.8 (6.65) | 21.9 (5.42) | 0.913 |
CLIF-C AD score | 90.1 (9.1) | 86.2 (11.2) | 0.126 |
Ascites (1, 2, 3) | 30 (54.5) | 25 (45.5) | 1.000 |
Encephalopathy (1, 2, 3) | 22 (68.8) | 10 (31.3) | 0.025 |
Hepatorenal syndrome | 3 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 1.000 |
History of variceal hemorrhage | 5 (45.5) | 6 (54.5) | 0.742 |
BUN (mmol/l) | 14.5 [10.2] | 9.7 [6.1] | 0.028 |
Creatinine (μmol/l) | 100.5 [71.5] | 91.9 [61.8] | 0.609 |
Serum sodium (mmol/l) | 131.9 [6.7] | 132.7 [7.5] | 0.611 |
Ferritin (μg/l) | 611.4 [360.8] | 169.2 [395.7] | 0.024 |
Billirubin (μmol/l) | 33.0 [82.7] | 49.1[136.1] | 0.490 |
Outcomes | |||
Length of Hospitalization | 26,0 [30.0] | 27.5 [19.0] | 0.980 |
Change of therapy | 19 (59.4) | 13 (40.6) | 0.459 |
Death | 9 (64.3) | 5 (35.7) | 0.546 |