High IFN-γ | Low IFN-γ | P-value | High IL-6 | Low IL-6 | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 39 | 149 | 38 | 150 | ||
Age (year), median [IQR] | 40 [33–44] | 43 [36–52] | 0.0349* | 45 [37–53] | 42 [35–51] | 0.2683 |
Age < 50 (n, %) | 35 (90%) | 101 (68%) | 0.0051* | 25 (66%) | 111 (74%) | 0.3166 |
Males (n, %) | 39 (100%) | 146 (98%) | 1.000 | 38 (100%) | 147 (98%) | 1.000 |
Assumed route of HIV-1 infection (n, %) | 0.7044 | 0.1995 | ||||
Homosexual | 34 (87%) | 123 (83%) | 35 (92%) | 122 (81%) | ||
Heterosexual | 4 (10%) | 23 (15%) | 2 (5%) | 25 (17%) | ||
Others | 1 (3%) | 3 (2%) | 1 (3%) | 3 (2%) | ||
Japanese (n, %) | 38 (97%) | 148 (99%) | 0.3727 | 38 (100%) | 148 (99%) | 1.0000 |
CD4+ cell count (cell/μL), median [IQR] | 491 [396–659] | 535 [443–736] | 0.271 | 531 [419–711] | 538[442–735] | 0.5293 |
HIV-1-RNA level (copies/mL), median [IQR] | < 20 [< 20–< 20] | < 20 [< 20–< 20] | 0.5856 | < 20 [< 20–< 20] | < 20 [< 20–< 20] | 0.9208 |
Abacavir use (n, %) | 7 (18%) | 52 (35%) | 0.0523 | 9 (24%) | 50 (33%) | 0.3285 |
Tenofovir use (n, %) | 30 (77%) | 92 (62%) | 0.0911 | 28 (74%) | 94 (63%) | 0.2548 |
Protease inhibitor use (n, %) | 10 (26%) | 65 (44%) | 0.0449* | 14 (37%) | 61 (41%) | 0.7140 |
Darunavir use (n, %) | 10 (26%) | 51 (34%) | 0.3428 | 9 (24%) | 52 (35%) | 0.2458 |
Atazanavir use (n, %) | 0 (0%) | 4 (3%) | 0.5820 | 1 (3%) | 3 (2%) | 1.0000 |
Lopinavir use (n, %) | 0 (0%) | 5 (4%) | 0.5854 | 3 (8%) | 2 (1%) | 0.0571 |
Fosamprenavir use (n, %) | 0 (0%) | 5 (3%) | 0.5854 | 1 (3%) | 4 (3%) | 1.0000 |
Integrase inhibitor use (n, %) | 24 (62%) | 73 (49%) | 0.2079 | 24 (63%) | 73 (49%) | 0.1457 |
Duration of ART (year), median [IQR] | 3.8 [1.8–6.3] | 4.4 [2.4–6.6] | 0.2283 | 3.4 [1.8–5.9] | 4.4 [2.5–6.7] | 0.0438* |
Frequency of ART exchange, median [IQR] | 0 [0–1] | 1 [0–2] | 0.4936 | 0 [0–1] | 1 [0–2] | 0.0607 |
Comorbidities | ||||||
Chronic renal disease (n, %) | 3 (8%) | 18 (12%) | 0.5747 | 2 (5%) | 19 (13%) | 0.2572 |
Chronic hepatitis B (n, %) | 3 (8%) | 13 (9%) | 1.0000 | 2 (5%) | 14 (9%) | 0.5333 |
Dyslipidemia (n, %) | 6 (15%) | 49 (33%) | 0.0476* | 12 (31%) | 43 (29%) | 0.6957 |
Statin use (n, %) | 1 (3%) | 13 (9%) | 0.3072 | 1 (3%) | 13 (9%) | 0.3078 |
Hypertension (n, %) | 3 (8%) | 18 (12%) | 0.5747 | 6 (16%) | 15 (10%) | 0.3850 |
Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 1 (3%) | 12 (8%) | 0.3088 | 6 (16%) | 7 (5%) | 0.0266* |
Laboratory test | ||||||
Serum C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.05 [0.02–0.10] | 0.06 [0.03–0.17] | 0.2224 | 0.10 [0.04–0.46] | 0.05 [0.03–0.11] | 0.0073* |