| |
No Metabolic Syndrome
|
Metabolic Syndrome
|
|---|
|
(N = 113)
|
(N = 38)
|
|---|
|
Variable
|
Controls (n = 39)
|
HIV-1 untreated (n = 32)
|
HIV-1 cART (n = 42)
|
Controls (n = 10)
|
HIV-1 untreated (n = 16)
|
HIV-1 cART (n = 12)
|
|---|
|
Age, year
|
45 ± 3
|
44 ± 6
|
46 ± 5
|
45 ± 4
|
47 ± 5
|
47 ± 4
|
|
Men, %
|
69
|
28
|
29
|
50
|
13
|
25
|
|
Body mass, kg
|
67.8 ± 11.8
|
64.7 ± 9.7
|
58.5 ± 11.5a
|
81.1 ± 10.6c
|
71.2 ± 12.7c
|
75.0 ± 15.6c
|
|
BMI, kg/m2
|
24.8 ± 4.2
|
24.3 ± 3.9
|
22.5 ± 4.1a
|
30.4 ± 4.6c
|
26.7 ± 3.2c
|
28.9 ± 4.1c
|
|
Body fat, %
|
32 ± 9
|
35 ± 7
|
33 ± 8
|
38 ± 5c
|
40 ± 4c
|
40 ± 4c
|
|
Waist circumference, cm
|
85 ± 10
|
81 ± 7
|
81 ± 11
|
95 ± 8c
|
92 ± 9c
|
98 ± 6c
|
|
Systolic BP, mmHg
|
124 ± 12
|
126 ± 9
|
120 ± 11
|
135 ± 7c
|
135 ± 13c
|
131 ± 18c
|
|
Diastolic BP, mmHg
|
74 ± 7
|
76 ± 5
|
74 ± 8
|
79 ± 3c
|
79 ± 6
|
79 ± 6c
|
|
LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l
|
2.9 ± 0.9
|
2.5 ± 0.8
|
2.7 ± 1.0
|
3.1 ± 0.7
|
2.8 ± 1.1
|
3.2 ± 0.9
|
|
HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l
|
1.2 ± 0.4
|
1.1 ± 0.5
|
1.4 ± 0.6b
|
1.0 ± 0.6
|
0.8 ± 0.3
|
1.1 ± 0.3
|
|
Triglycerides, mmol/l
|
1.1 ± 0.7
|
1.0 ± 0.4
|
1.4 ± 1.1
|
2.3 ± 1.5c
|
1.3 ± 0.6
|
2.0 ± 1.2
|
|
Glucose, mmol/l
|
4.7 ± 0.6
|
4.5 ± 0.7
|
4.8 ± 0.6
|
5.0 ± 0.7
|
4.8 ± 0.9
|
4.7 ± 0.7
|
|
CD4 at enrollment, cells/μL
|
–
|
665 ± 142
|
289 ± 46b
|
–
|
666 ± 120
|
302 ± 41b
|
|
CD4 (most recent), cells/μL
|
–
|
493 ± 250d
|
494 ± 229d
|
–
|
430 ± 255d
|
480 ± 189d
|
|
Months of HIV-1 infection, median
|
–
|
21.5
|
29.3b
|
–
|
20.6
|
39.8b
|
|
Months cART, median
|
–
|
–
|
24.0
|
–
|
–
|
30.9
|
- Values are means ± SD unless otherwise noted. BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, cART combined antiretroviral therapy, aP < 0.05 vs. within-group controls, bP < 0.05 vs. within-group HIV-1 untreated patients, cP < 0.05 vs. corresponding group without metabolic syndrome, d P < 0.01 vs. within-group CD4 at enrollment
