Table 2 Evaluation of the association of animal level risk factors with prevalence of bovine tuberculin positivity
From: Bovine tuberculosis in eastern Ethiopia: prevalence, risk factors and its public health importance
Risk factor* | Categories | No. of animals | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Examined | Positive (%) | ||||
Site | Harar | 224 | 25 (11.2) | Ref. | Â |
Dire Dawa | 58 | 29 (50.0) | 7.96 (4.107–15.427) | 0.000 | |
Jigjiga | 33 | 10 (30.3) | 3.46 (1.477–8.104) | 0.004 | |
Age | 1–5 years | 85 | 17 (20.0) | Ref. |  |
6–9 years | 172 | 42 (24.4) | 1.29 (0.685–2.439) | 0.429 | |
> 9 years | 58 | 5 (8.6) | 0.37 (0.130–1.089) | 0.072 | |
BCS | Poor | 67 | 15 (22.4) | Ref. | Â |
Medium | 147 | 29 (19.7) | 0.85 (0.421–1.721) | 0.655 | |
Good | 101 | 20 (19.8) | 0.85 (0.402–1.820) | 0.686 | |
Lactationa | Non-lactating | 115 | 11 (9.5) | Ref. | Â |
Lactating | 200 | 53 (26.5) | 0.29 (0.146–0.588) | 0.001 | |
Pregnancya | Non pregnant | 276 | 51 (18.5) | Ref. | Â |
Pregnant | 39 | 13 (33.3) | 2.22 (1.062–4.587) | 0.034 | |
Breedb | Local | 63 | 11 (17.5) | Ref. | Â |
Cross breed | 15 | 1 (6.7) | 0.30 (0.032–2.794) | 0.289 | |
Exotic | 237 | 52 (21.9) | 0.71 (0.195–2.596) | 0.607 | |
Herd sizec | 1–5 | 46 | 5 (10.9) | Ref. |  |
6–10 | 48 | 4(8.3) | 0.74 (0.187–2.968) | 0.677 | |
> 10 | 221 | 55(24.9) | 2.71 (1.022–7.218) | 0.045 | |
Farming systemb,c | Extensive | 51 | 7 (13.7) | Ref. | Â |
Intensive | 229 | 50 (21.8) | 3.69 (0.820–16.625) | 0.089 | |
Semi intensive | 35 | 7 (20.0) | 1.84 (0.418–8.120) | 0.419 | |
Management condition | Good | 83 | 1 (1.2) | Ref. | Â |
Poor | 63 | 14 (22.2) | 3.66 (1.31–1.83) | 0.000 | |
Medium | 169 | 49 (29.0) | 1.51 (0.51–1.51) |  | |