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Table 1 Clinical characteristicsa) of the patient populationb)

From: Soluble markers of neutrophil, T-cell and monocyte activation are associated with disease severity and parasitemia in falciparum malaria

N

HIV only

Malaria only

Malaria & HIV

58

61

70

Age, years

39 (22–84)

40 (18–79)

40 (20–65)

Sex, females

50 (29/58)

41 (25/61)

50 (35/70)

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

8.9 (2.9–15.2)

11.2 (3.2–17.0)

9.4 (2.5–15.7)

Leukocytes (× 109/L)

8.2 (0.3–25.4)

6.9 (1.3–15.5)

7.8 (0.9–21.8)

Platelets (×109/L)

220 (13–682)

124 (11–452)

90 (8–330)

Se-Creatinine (μmol/L)

161 (41–873)

127 (57–357)

223 (62–1529)

Se-Glucosis (mmol/L)

6.1 (3.3–10.6)

8.7 (3.6–40.5)

6.12 (1.5–27.0)

Liverfailurec)

5 (4/57)

5 (3/61)

19 (13/70)

Coagulation disturb.d)

0

2 (1/61)

13 (9/70)

Cerebral disturb. e)

33 (19/58)

25 (15/61)

31 (22/70)

Systolic blood pressure

115 (90–160)

122 (70–240)

115 (80–170)

Respiratory rate

29 (12–56)

22 (12–68)

24 (16–42)

Case fatality rate

27.8 (15/54)

1.7 (1/59)

13.0f) (9/69)

  1. a) Values in mean (min-max) or percentage and proportion
  2. b) The 52 healthy controls are not included
  3. c) Defined as jaundice/ bilirubine> 43 μmol/L
  4. d) Defined as bleeding disturbances/ hemolysis
  5. e) Defined as GCS ≤ 11, convulsions or confusion
  6. f) One patient died of non-malarial cause, he is excluded