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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants by HIV status at enrolment

From: Prevalence and incidence of genital warts and cervical Human Papillomavirus infections in Nigerian women

 

Total (N = 962)

HIV negative (N = 535)

HIV positive (N = 427)

p-value

Sociodemographic characteristics

 Age, years (Mean, SD)

37.9 (7.72)

38.4 (7.90)

37.2 (7.42)

0.02

 Nature of residence (N, %)

< 0.001

 Urban

431 (45.0)

283 (53.1)

148 (34.9)

 

 Semirural

367 (38.4)

180 (33.8)

187 (44.1)

 

 Rural

159 (16.6)

70 (13.1)

89 (30.0)

 

Socioeconomic status (N, %)

< 0.001

 Low

375 (39.0)

152 (28.4)

223 (52.2)

 

 Middle

384 (39.9)

226 (42.2)

158 (37.0)

 

 High

203 (21.1)

157 (29.4)

46 (10.8)

 

 Education (N, %)

< 0.001

  ≤ 6 years

104 (10.8)

45 (8.40)

59 (13.8)

 

 7–12 years

602 (62.7)

294 (55.1)

308 (72.3)

 

  > 12 years

254 (26.5)

195 (36.5)

59 (13.9)

 

 Marital status (N, %)

< 0.001

 Married

647 (67.3)

421 (78.7)

226 (52.9)

 

 Not married

315 (32.7)

114 (21.3)

201 (47.1)

 

Lifestyle characteristics

 Age at sexual debut, years (Mean, SD)

20.1 (4.04)

20.8 (4.24)

19.2 (3.59)

< 0.001

 Lifetime number of partners (Mean, SD)

3.43 (3.34)

2.85 (2.35)

4.16 (4.16)

< 0.001

 Number of partners in preceding year (Mean, SD)

1.00 (0.47)

1.00 (0.34)

1.00 (0.60)

0.86

 Ever smokeda (N, %)

13 (1.35)

4 (0.75)

9 (2.11)

0.09

 Alcohol Consumptionb (N, %)

129 (13.5)

70 (13.2)

59 (13.9)

0.78

 Ever douche (N, %)

606 (63.1)

319 (59.6)

287 (67.4)

0.02

 Regularly douche in last 3 months (N, %)

544 (56.5)

284 (53.1)

260 (60.9)

0.32

 Condom use (N, %)

290 (30.2)

102 (19.1)

188 (44.0)

< 0.001

 Oral contraceptive use (N, %)

93 (9.67)

38 (8.90)

55 (10.3)

0.51

Clinical characteristics

 Body Mass Index, kg/m2 (N, %)

< 0.001

 Normal weight, 18.5–24.9

303 (33.4)

136 (26.6)

167 (42.0)

 

 Overweight, 25.0–29.9

324 (35.6)

184 (35.9)

140 (35.3)

 

 Obese, ≥ 30.0

282 (31.0)

192 (37.5)

90 (22.7)

 

 Vaginal pH (N, %)

0.21

  < 4.5

73 (7.59)

47 (8.79)

26 (6.09)

 

 4.5–5.5

68 (7.07)

34 (6.36)

34 (7.96)

 

  > 5.5

821 (85.3)

454 (84.9)

367 (85.9)

 

 Diagnosis of vaginal infection in last 3 monthsc (N, %)

23 (2.39)

17 (3.18)

6 (1.41)

0.09

 Currently on antiretroviral therapy (N, %)

–

–

395 (92.5)

 
  1. a Ever smoked up to 100 cigarrette sticks in lifetime
  2. b Consumption of at least one unit of alcohol every three months
  3. c Infections include bacterial vaginosis, Candidiasis, Trichomonas, Herpes, Chlamydia, Pelvic inflammatory disease, gonorrhoea, syphilis and genital warts