Acute Tibial osteomyelitis caused by intraosseous access during initial resuscitation: a case report and literature review

Table 1 Published cases of acute osteomyelitis caused by intraosseous devices in children and adults in literature

Reference	Sex, age	Interval days^a	Predisposing factor	Patient condition at the time of IO insertion	Site	Duration of IO device	Culture	Treatment	Outcome
[6]	Male, 5 months	10 days	–	Initial resuscitation	Proximal tibia	Not cited	Candida albicans	Fluconazole	Recovered
[7]	Male, 62 years	6 months	MGUS, diabetes	Initial resuscitation	Proximal tibia	Not cited	MRSA	Vancomycin	Recovered
[8]	Male, 14 months	3 days	-	Initial resuscitation	Bilateral distal femur	Up to 24 h	Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae	Unknown	Unknown
[9]	Male, 3 months	24 h	Spastic tetraplegia	Initial resuscitation IO access no longer functional	Proximal tibia	2 h	Acinebacter baumannii	Amoxycillin, netilmicin, ceftazidime	Died
[10]	Male, 29 years	6 weeks	Drug-addict	Initial resuscitation No peripheral IV access	Proximal tibia	1 h	Escherichia coli, MSSA	Ceftriaxone, metronidazole, ertapenem	Recovered
Our report	Male, 40 years	3 months	Drug-addict	Initial resuscitation No peripheral IV access	Proximal tibia	24 h	MSSA	Levofloxacin, rifampicin	Recovered

MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MSSA methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, IO intraosseous, MGUS monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, ^aInterval between IO insertion device and admission to hospital

ISSN: 1471-2334