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Table 4 Standardized appraisal for patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases without systemic immunodeficiency referred at our institution

From: A retrospective study of factors associated with treatment decision for nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in adults without altered systemic immunity

 

Comments

Exhaustive history record

 infant respiratory diseases

croup, Influenza, measle

 gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

 

 atopic dermatitis

 

 eating disorders

anorexia, bulimia

 family history of respiratory disease

 

 prior tuberculosis

 

 prior anti-NTM treatment

 

Environmental exposure

 passive tobacco exposure

 

 active tobacco smocking

Packs-per-year

 other toxic/drug exposure

 

 chronic alcoholism

micro-inhalations

 habitat characteristics

domestic water system, allergens

Blood tests

 serum albumin

nutritional status

 serum pre-albumin

 vitamin D (25-OH D3)

 HIV serology

cellular immune defect

 T CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte counts

 total IgG serum level

hypogammaglobulinemia

 total eosinophil count

Aspergillus-related allergic lung diseases

 total IgE serum level

Aspergillus-specific IgE

Aspergillus serology

 galactomannan antigenemia

invasive aspergillosis

 Interferon-γ reactive assay

latent tuberculosis infection

Lung function testing

 spirometry including FEV1

lung volumes

 plethysmography

 pulse oxymetry

oxygen level

 arterial blood gas tests

 6-minutes walk test

stress test

Imagery

chest X-ray

 lung HRCT scan

Micronodules (≤ 5mm), nodules (≥ 10 mm), pulmonary consolidations, bronchiectasis, tree-in-bud images, cavity(ies)

Cytology and microbiologic tests on respiratory samples

BALF cytological composition

sputum/BALF direct examination

 sputum/BALF collection for bacterial culture

Non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

 sputum/BALF collection for mycological culture

filamentous fungi

 nasal swab/BALF collection for respiratory virus PCR screening

human Respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and coronavirus

Specific tests depending on the setting

 α-1 antitrypsin level

lung emphysema

 sweat test

cystic fibrosis

 CFTR gene screening

 airway cilia sample

primary ciliary dyskinesia

 IFN-γ and IL-12 plasma levels

host predisposition to NTM diseases

 blood anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies

 IFN-γ or IL-12 gene screening

  1. Abbreviations: BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; Ig, immunoglobulins; IL, interleukin