Table 1 Reported cases of sinusitis caused by H. capsulatum
Case number | Gender/age | Underlying disease | Patient origin | Clinical signs | Symptoms duration | Infection site | Direct examination by GG | Culture result (tested sample) | Sinus/oral lesions (CT-Scan) | Treatment | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(tested sample) | ||||||||||||
1 | Male/41 | HIV | USA | Palatal perforation (ulcerative and granulomatous lesions) Pansinusitis | – | Sinus, palate | Positive | Positive | – | Palatal obturator, AMB | Complete cure | 19 |
2 | Female/37 | HIV | South Africa | Swelling of the upper lip, Painful mouth, Bleeding gums of palate and buccal mucosa, Cervical bilateral lymphadenopathies | 9 months | Sinus, palate | Positive (palatal biopsy) | Positive (palatal biopsy) | Hard palate (destruction), Maxillary sinuses, right nasal cavity (opacification) | ITR | Improvement | 21 |
3 | Male/39 | HIV | USA | Fever, Cough, Nasal congestion, Headache, Submandibular lymph node, Skin rash (Maculo-papular) | 2 months | Sinus, skin | Positive (sinus aspirate, skin biopsy) | Positive (sinus aspirate, skin biopsy) | Maxillary sinuses (complete opacifiaction), fontal sinuses (partial opacification) | ITR | Improvement | 22 |
4 | Male/40 | HIV | Brasil | Fever, Nasal congestion, Rhinorrhea, Hyperemia palpebral, cutaneous alteration | 3 months | Sinus, skin | Positive (sinus biopsy) | Positive (sinus aspirate, skin biopsy) | Right maxillary and ethmoid sinuses (complete opacification), frontal sinuses (partial opacification) | ITR | Complete cure | 23 |
5 | Male/35 | HIV | USA | Fever, Gingival pain, Frontal headache, Pneumopathy | 8 months | Sinus, lungs | Positive (sinus biopsy) | Positive (sinus aspirate, sinus biopsy) | Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses (complete opacification) | POS | Complete cure | 24 |
6 | Male/76 | CLL | Brasil | Facial pain, epistaxis, fever, facial erythema, swelling | 2 months | Sinus | Positive (sinus aspirate) | Positive (sinus aspirate) | Right maxillary, frontral, ethmoïdal sinuses (partial opacification) | AMB | Improvement | 25 |
7 | Male/90 | No | India | Throat bleeding, Nasal congestion, Rhinorrhea, Headache Palatal perforation | 6 months | Sinus, Palate | Positive (oral biospsy) | Positive (oral biopsy) | Hard palate (destruction), right maxillary sinus (opacification) | ITR | Improvement | 26 |
8 | Male/39 | HIV, tuberculosis | Morocco | Fever, Cough, Nasal congestion, Rhinorrhea, Epistaxis, Headhache, Skin rash (papular and nodular), Hepatosplenomegaly | 3 months | Sinus, skin | Positive (sinus aspirate, skin biopsy) | Positive (sinus aspirate, skin biopsy) | Maxillary, ethmoid sinuses (complete opacification), frontal sinuses (partial opacification) | AMB | Complete cure | 27 |