Table 4 Published data on hepatitis C seroprevalence in Malawi
From: Epidemiology of hepatitis B, C and D in Malawi: systematic review
Population | Ref | Year | Location | Method | Prevalence (n/total) | Prevalence (%, (95% CI)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General Populations | ||||||
 Pregnant women | [20] | 1989–1994 | QECH, Blantyre | Anti-HCV (Biorad) | 2/70 | 2.9 (0.8, 9.8) |
 Pregnant women, at delivery | [18] | 1993–1995 | Shire Valley | Ortho anti-HCV (Ortho Diagnostics) | 18/100 | 18.0 (11.7, 26.7) |
 Pregnant women | [20] | 2004–2008 | QECH, Health Centres Blantyre | Anti-HCV (Biorad) | 8/138 | 5.8 (3.0, 11.0) |
 Community, rural adults | [20] | 2001 | Mwanza District | Anti-HCV (Biorad) | 9/99 | 9.0 (4.9, 16.4) |
 Non-pregnant women (intravaginal MTZ gel RCT) | [20] | 2003–2005 | QECH, Blantyre | Anti-HCV (Biorad) | 9/146 | 6.1 (3.3, 11.3) |
 Male workers at sugar estate | [17] | 1998 | Nchalo | Ortho anti-HCV (Ortho Diagnostics) | 35/279 | 10.0 (7.0, 14.1) |
 Blood donors | [32] | 1996 | KCH, Lilongwe | Anti-HCV EIA (Roche) Confirmed with Anti-HCV (Abbott) | 4/100 | 4.0 (1.6, 9.8) |
 Blood donors | [21] | 2001 | Ntechu | 1. Murex anti-HCV | 10/148 | 6.8 (3.7, 12.0) |
2. HCV RNA by in-house PCR | 1/140 | 0.7 (0.1, 3.9) | ||||
HIV positive populations | ||||||
 HIV-positive pregnant women, at delivery | [18] | 1993–1995 | Shire Valley | Ortho anti-HCV (Ortho Diagnostics) | 6/50 | 12.0 (5.6, 23.8) |
 HIV-positive pregnant women | [23] | 2008–2009 | Blantyre | 1. Innotest HCV Ab IV (Innogenetics), | 8/309 | 2.6 (1.3, 5.0) |
2. Versant HCV RNA 1.0 assay (Siemens) | 1/309 | 0.3 (0.1, 1.8) | ||||
 HIV positive patients | [24] | 2005 | QECH, Blantyre | Monolisa HCV Ag-Ab (Biorad) confirmed with ADVIA Centaur anti-HCV) and InnoLIA HCV immunoassay (Innogenetics) | 17/300 | 5.7 (3.6, 8.9) |
 HIV-positive male workers at sugar estate | [17] | 1998 | Nchalo | Ortho anti-HCV Ab (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics) | 28/280 | 10.0 (7.0, 14.1) |
 HIV-positive pregnant women | [20] | 2000–2004 | QECH, Blantyre | Anti-HCV (Biorad) | 8/148 | 5.4 (2.8, 10.3) |
 HIV positive adults starting ART | [31] | 2014–15 | Lilongwe | 1. HCV IgG Architect (Abbott) | 5/227 | 2.2 (0.9, 5.1) |
2. RealTime HCV RNA (Abbott) | 0/227 | 0.0 (0.0, 1.7) | ||||
 HIV positive patients on ART for > 10 years | [33] | 2014–16 | Chiradzulu | OraQuick HCV Rapid antibody test (Orasure) | 2/385 | 0.5 (0.1, 1.9) |