Table 1 List of pathogen-specific parameters values and references used to produce Figs. 3 and 4

Pathogen-specific parameters

1/γ: Infectious

6

[38–40]

10.4

[41]

15

[42]

period (days)

α: Shedding rate (pathogen hours ⁻¹ people ⁻¹)

1×10⁴

[43–45]

1×10³

[46, 47]

2.88×10³

[48, 49]

μ_F: Inactivation rate

0.121

[50–52]

1.44

[53, 54]

0.288

[8]

in fomites (hours ⁻¹)

(0.058, 0.121)

(0.990, 1.44)

(0.0006, 0.288)

μ_H: Inactivation rate

88.2

[13, 50, 52]

0.767

[55]

1.07

[9, 56, 57]

in hands (hours ⁻¹)

(55.2, 88.2)

(0, 1.07)

τ_FH: Transfer

0.1

[13, 16, 50, 58]

0.2

[55, 59–61]

0.07

[62]

efficacy (F to H) (proportion)

(0.04, 0.16)

(0.1, 0.40)

(0.051, 0.089)

τ_HF: Transfer

0.025

[13, 16, 50, 58]

0.2

[55, 59–61]

0.13

[62]

efficacy (H to F) (proportion)

(0.01, 0.04)

(0.1, 0.40)

(0.094, 0.166)

ϕ_H: Pathogen

0.15

0.15

0.90

excreted to H (proportion)

(0.10, 0.2)

(0.10, 0.2)

(0.50, 1)

ϕ_F: Pathogen

1−ϕ_H

1−ϕ_H

1−ϕ_H

excreted to F (proportion)

π:Infectivity parameter in contact

with x pathogens (unitless) ^a

6.93e-05

2.46e-3

4.78e-4

a_H: rate pathogens are added to hands

α ϕ _H

α ϕ _H

α ϕ _H

(pathogen time ⁻¹ people ⁻¹)

Venue-specific parameters

λ: Accessible surfaces (proportion)

(0, 0.6)

(0, 0.6)

(0, 0.6)

κ: fingertip to surface ratio per individual

\(\frac {6e-06}{\lambda }\)

\(\frac {6e-06}{\lambda }\)

\(\frac {6e-06}{\lambda }\)

(1/people) ^b

ρ_T: Rate of fomite touching (days ⁻¹)

(0, 60)

(0, 60)

(0, 60)

ρ_FH: rate of pathogen pick up from fomites to hand

ρ _T τ _FH κ

ρ _T τ _FH κ

ρ _T τ _FH κ

1/(days × people)

ρ_FH: rate of pathogen deposit from hand to fomite

ρ _T τ _HF

ρ _T τ _HF

ρ _T τ _HF

1/(days × people)

a_F: rate pathogens are added to fomites

α ϕ _F λ

α ϕ _F λ

α ϕ _F λ

(pathogen days ⁻¹ people ⁻¹)

Cleaning parameters

Θ_F: Rate of fomite cleaning (days ⁻1)

(0, 2)

(0, 2)

(0, 2)

Θ_H: Rate of hand cleaning (days ⁻1)

(0, 3)

(0, 3)

(0, 3)

q_F: Fomite cleaning efficacy (proportion)

1

1

1

q_H: Hand cleaning efficacy (proportion)

1

1

1

θ_F: Effective fomite cleaning rate

q _F Θ _F

q _F Θ _F

q _F Θ _F

θ_H: Effective hand cleaning rate

q _H Θ _H

q _H Θ _H

q _H Θ _H

Fixed parameters (across pathogens

and venues)

ρ: Inoculation (hours ⁻¹)

15.8

[23, 24]

15.8

[23, 24]

15.8

[23, 24]

χ: proportion of pathogens absorbed when

1

1

1

self-inoculation occurs (proportion)

^a Parameter fixed based on linearization of the dose-response curve

^b Parameter fixed based on relative finger to body size.