Variable | Univariable | Multivariable | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient (95% CI) | Standard error | p-value | Coefficient (95% CI) | Standard error | p-value | |
Neonates (R2 adjusted =0.11)a: n = 54 institutions; 100,155 admissions | ||||||
ELBW admissions | 0.016 (− 0.002 to 0.035) | 0.009 | 0.083 | −0.011 (− 0.039 to 0.016) | 0.014 | 0.418 |
Total invasive fungal infections | 0.442 (0.107 to 0.777) | 0.167 | 0.011 | 0.375 (−0.185 to 0.935) | 0.279 | 0.185 |
Total broad-spectrum antibiotics | 0.005 (0.001 to 0.009) | 0.002 | 0.012 | 0.002 (−0.003 to 0.007) | 0.002 | 0.414 |
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation center | 0.899 (0.275 to 1.52) | 0.311 | 0.006 | 0.494 (− 0.305 to 1.29) | 0.397 | 0.220 |
Region (referent group = Northeast) | – | – | ||||
South | 0.864 (−0.016 to 1.75) | 0.438 | 0.054 | 0.278 (−0.743 to 1.30) | 0.507 | 0.587 |
Midwest | 0.522 (−0.399 to 1.44) | 0.458 | 0.260 | 0.391 (−0.54 to 1.32) | 0.462 | 0.402 |
West | 0.006 (−0.999 to 1.01) | 0.500 | 0.991 | −0.256 (1.25 to 0.737) | 0.493 | 0.606 |
Pediatrics (R2 adjusted =0.55): n = 44 institutions; 159,936 admissions | ||||||
Medicine service lines admissions | −0.35 (− 0.69 to − 0.01) | 0.168 | 0.044 | −0.35 (− 0.658 to-0.045) | 0.151 | 0.026 |
Immunosuppressed service lines admissions | 2.08 (0.055 to 4.1) | 1.00 | 0.044 | 1.95 (0.061 to 3.84) | 0.932 | 0.043 |
Surgery service lines | −0.573 (−1.27 to 0.12) | 0.345 | 0.104 | −1.05 (−1.75 to − 0.345) | 0.347 | 0.005 |
Total invasive fungal infections | 10.1 (−3.54 to 23.7) | 6.76 | 0.142 | 1.75 (−8.62 to 12.1) | 5.11 | 0.733 |
Total broad-spectrum antibiotic use | 0.327 (0.135 to 0.521) | 0.095 | 0.001 | 0.41 (0.254 to 0.572) | 0.075 | < 0.001 |
Region (referent group = Northeast) | – | – | ||||
South | 21.2 (−32 to 75) | 26.6 | 0.430 | −11.9 (−53.9 to 30) | 20.6 | 0.568 |
Midwest | 47.2 (−9.1 to 103) | 27.8 | 0.099 | 23.7 (−19.3 to 66.7) | 21.1 | 0.279 |
West | 34.8 (−27 to 97) | 30.7 | 0.264 | 42.6 (−2.27 to 87.5) | 22.1 | 0.062 |
Adults (R2 adjusted =0.79): n = 60 institutions; 1,841,667 admissions | ||||||
Medicine service lines admissions | −1.255 (−1.8 -to −0.70) | 0.27 | < 0.001 | −0.311 (−0.724 to 0.102) | 0.21 | 0.137 |
Immunosuppressed service lines admissions | 8.03 (8.03 to 9.61) | 0.79 | < 0.001 | 5.08 (3.56 to 6.6) | 0.76 | < 0.001 |
Total invasive fungal infections | 12.4 (9.65 to 15.2) | 1.34 | < 0.001 | 5.17 (1.82 to 8.52) | 1.7 | 0.003 |
Total broad-spectrum antibiotics | 0.345 (0.167 to 0.523) | 0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.137 (0.032 to 0.242) | 0.05 | 0.011 |
Extensiveb ASP (referent = not extensive ASP) | 21.4 (−0.263 to 43) | 10.8 | 0.053 | 2.75 (−8.14 to 13.6) | 5.4 | 0.614 |
Region (referent group = Northeast) | – | – | ||||
South | 9.12 (−21.4 to 39.7) | 15.3 | 0.552 | −9.65 (− 24 to 5.4) | 7.5 | 0.204 |
Midwest | 12.2 (−18.3 to 42.8) | 15.3 | 0.425 | 2.25 (−12.8 to 17.3) | 7.5 | 0.764 |
West | 33.9 (1.38 to 66.5) | 16.2 | 0.041 | 4.84 (−12 to 22) | 5.4 | 0.569 |