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Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with and without ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization at enrollment

From: Drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization is associated with healthcare utilization and antimicrobial use among inpatients in Pune, India

Patient characteristic

Colonization with ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, n (%) or median (IQR)

p-value

Not colonized, n = 810

Colonized, n = 87

Median age, years

19 (4–35)

23 (8–40)

0.07

Children (age <  12 years)

332 (41)

26 (30)

0.05

Male

487 (60)

51 (59)

0.82

Diabetes

34 (4)

5 (6)

0.42

HIV

85 (19)

11 (20)

0.86

Alcoholism

57 (7)

1 (1)

0.04

Smoking

67 (8)

7 (8)

1.00

Income < 5000 INR per montha

281 (35)

23 (26)

0.15

Works with animalsa

150 (19)

20 (23)

0.31

Farmer or laborera

317 (39)

32 (37)

0.73

General practitioner visit prior to hospitalization

273 (36)

37 (44)

0.19

Ayurvedic provider visit prior to hospitalization

36 (5)

8 (9)

0.12

Hospitalized within the past 3 months

113 (14)

18 (21)

0.11

Self-report of antibiotic use in the last month

188 (23)

26 (30)

0.19

Recent healthcare contactb

456 (56)

65 (75)

< 0.01

Admission to ICU

153 (19)

13 (15)

0.47

Cough

370 (46)

32 (37)

0.14

Diarrhea

154 (19)

16 (18)

1.00

  1. IQR interquartile range, INR Indian rupees, ICU intensive care unit
  2. aFor children, this refers to the parents
  3. bComposite of visit to general practitioner or ayurvedic provider, hospitalization within the past 3 months, or self-reported antibiotic use in the last month