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Table 1 Patient characteristics in relation to hospital mortality

From: Impact of microbial Aetiology on mortality in severe community-acquired pneumonia

Characteristics

All patients (n = 117)

Survivors (n = 101)

Non-survivors (n = 16)

p-value

Demographics

 Age, years

62.5 ± 16.1

61.6 ± 16.5

68.5 ± 11.7

0.11

 Male

73 (62.4)

62 (61.4)

11 (68.8)

0.78

Comorbid illness

 Diabetes Mellitus

36 (30.8)

31 (30.7)

5 (31.3)

0.96

 Hypertension

67 (57.3)

58 (57.4)

9 (56.3)

0.93

 Cardiac disease

26 (22.2)

20 (19.8)

6 (37.5)

0.11

 Chronic lung disease

23 (19.7)

22 (21.8)

1 (6.3)

0.19

 Cerebrovascular disease

14 (12.0)

11 (10.9)

3 (18.8)

0.41

 Chronic liver disease

1 (0.9)

0 (0)

1 (0.06)

0.14

 End-stage renal failure

5 (4.3)

3 (3.0)

2 (12.5)

0.14

Symptoms

 Fever

71 (60.7)

63 (62.4)

8 (50)

0.35

 Cough

97 (82.9)

84 (83.2)

13(81.3)

0.85

 Purulent Sputum

63 (53.9)

57 (56.5)

6 (37.5)

0.16

 Dypsnea

82 (70.1)

70 (69.3)

12 (75.0)

0.65

Radiological features

 Localised lung infiltrates

35 (29.9)

30 (29.7)

5 (31.2)

0.90

 Multi-lobar lung infiltrates

82 (70.1)

71 (70.3)

11 (68.8)

0.90

 Pleural effusion

15 (12.8)

12 (11.9)

3 (18.8)

0.43

Laboratory Indices

 Serum C- reactive proteina (mg/L)

157.2 ± 114.8

157.9 ± 118.3

152.9 ± 93.9

0.87

 Serum procalcitoninb (ug/L)

19.8 ± 34.6

17.0 ± 32.3

38.4 ± 44.5

0.025

Microbiological factors

 Number of co-existent pathogens

  -0

33 (28.2)

30 (29.7)

3 (18.8)

0.010

  -1

64 (54.7)

58 (57.4)

6 (37.5)

 

  -2 or more

20 (17.1)

13 (12.9)

7 (43.8)

 

 Microbial aetiologies

  - No identified pathogen

33 (28.2)

30 (29.7)

3 (18.8)

0.008

  - Only bacterial pathogens present

27 (23.1)

26 (25.7)

1 (6.3)

 

  - Only viral pathogens present

32 (27.4)

27 (26.7)

5 (31.3)

 

  - Mixed viral-bacterial infection

18 (15.4)

11 (10.9)

7 (43.8)

 

  - Atypical pathogens

7 (6.0)

7 (6.9)

0 (0)

 

  Appropriate empirical antibiotics

108 (92.3)

94 (93.1)

14 (87.5)

0.44

 Severity indicators

  APACHE II

22.1 ± 9.4

20.8 ± 8.6

30.1 ± 10.3

< 0.001

  Shock

69 (56.0)

54 (53.5)

15 (93.8)

0.002

  Altered mentation

22 (18.8)

16 (15.8)

6 (37.5)

0.039

 Ventilatory support

  -Invasive

108 (92.3)

92 (91.1)

16 (100.0)

0.46

  -Non-invasive

3 (2.6)

3 (3.0)

0 (0)

 

  -Supplemental oxygen

6 (5.1)

6 (5.9)

0 (0)

 
  1. Data are presented as number (%), mean ± standard deviation. APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation. a Data was missing for 4 patients. bData was missing for 1 patient