Incident HIV infection has fallen rapidly in men who have sex with men in Melbourne, Australia (2013–2017) but not in the newly-arrived Asian-born

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis, using generalized estimating equations for multiple observations in individuals, on odds of being diagnosed with incident HIV infection in the time period 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2015 and 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2017

	July 2013–June 2015				July 2015–June 2017
	OR¹	p	aOR²	p	OR¹	p	aOR²	p
Age years³	0.77 (0.60–0.98)	.036	0.93 (0.72–1.20)	.56	0.8 (0.68–1.12)	.27
Not newly-arrived not Asian-born	ref				ref
Newly-arrived Asian-born	1.79 (0.85–3.79)	.13	1.51 (0.63–3.62)	.36	3.92 (2.14–7.18)	<.001	4.40 (2.38–8.15)	<.001
Asian-born not newly arrived	1.06 (0.53–2.09)	.88			2.43 (1.31–4.51)	.005	2.63 (1.41–4.93)	.002
Newly-arrived not Asian-born	1.44 (0.77–2.71)	.26			1.52 (0.70–3.31)	.29
Months since prior test	0.97 (0.94–1.00)	.054	0.98 (0.95–1.01)	.12	0.99 (0.96–1.01)	.35
Symptoms n (%)⁷	1.79 (1.13–2.84)	.013	1.41 (0.84–2.36)	.80	1.37 (0.80–2.34)	.25
Syphilis n (%)⁷	1.83 (0.45–7.49)	.40			5.72 (2.46–13.3)	<.001	4.01 (1.68–9.55)	.002
Pharyngeal gonorrhoea⁷	1.89 (0.59–6.01)	.28			1.57 (0.22–11.4)	.65
Urethral gonorrhoea⁷	2.80 (1.13–6.97)	.027	0.86 (0.28–2.63)	.80	1.33 (0.36–5.44)	.69
Urethral chlamydia⁷	2.05 (0.75–5.63)	.16	1.30 (0.44–3.79)	.63	1.05 (0.26–4.28)	.95
Anal gonorrhoea⁷	9.41 (5.58–15.9)	<.001	5.97 (3.25–10.97)	<.001	4.09 (2.23–7.49)	<.001	2.97 (1.57–5.63)	.001
Anal chlamydia⁷	4.70 (2.67–8.27)	<.001	2.46 (1.28–4.73)	.007	2.70 (1.45–5.03)	.002	1.69 (0.87–3.27)	.12
100% condom use⁸	0.43 (2.67–8.27)	.001	0.55 (0.33–0.91)	.019	0.57 (0.34–0.95)	.032	0.65 (0.39–1.11)	.12
10 or more partners in 3 months⁹	2.46 (1.50–4.03)	<.001	2.05 (1.21–3.46)	.007	2.09 (1.21–3.62)	.008	1.80 (1.02–3.17)	.04

^1. Odds ratio
^2. adjusted Odds Ratio
^3. Odds ratio per 10 year increment in age
^4. Reference group is the rest of the population who is, respectively, not born in Australia, not born in OECD country, not nearly arrived Asian born, not Asian born or not newly arrived
^5. Newly-arrived Asian-born was entered in the multivariate analysis instead of separately entering newly-arrived and Asian-born
^7. Reference group is the rest of the population/tests who, respectively, did not present with symptoms, were not diagnosed with syphilis, urethral STI or anorectal STI
^8. Reports always using condoms in anal sex, or no anal sex, or no sexual partners in past three months. Reference group is those with inconsistent condom use
^9. Reference group is those not reporting 10 or more sexual partners in past three months

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