Table 1 Association between risk factors and GBS colonization among pregnant women
Variables | GBS carriers (n = 210) (n,%) | GBS negative (n = 3229) (n,%) | OR(95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (years) | Â | Â | Â | 0.040 |
 18–39 | 207(98.6) | 3080(95.4) | 3.33(1.05–11.1) |  |
 ≥40a | 3(1.4) | 149(4.6) |  |  |
Ethnic | Â | Â | Â | 0.048 |
 Han-Zhuanga | 190(90.5) | 3033(93.9) |  |  |
 Minority | 20(9.5) | 196(6.1) | 1.63(1.01–2.64) |  |
Education level | ||||
  ≤ 9 years of schoola | 91(43.3) | 1422(44.0) |  |  |
 10–12 years of school | 67(31.9) | 1116(34.6) | 0.94(0.68–1.30) | 0.700 |
  ≥ 13 years of school | 52(24.8) | 69(21.4) | 1.18(0.83–1.67) |  |
Current smoking | ||||
 Noa | 209(99.5) | 3195(98.9) |  |  |
 Yes | 1(0.5) | 34(1.1) | 0.45(0.06–3.30) | 0.432 |
Previous miscarriage | ||||
 Noa | 195(92.9) | 2942(91.1) |  |  |
 Yes | 15(7.1) | 287(8.9) | 0.79(0.46–1.35) | 0.388 |
Pregnancy-induced hypertension | ||||
 Noa | 197(93.8) | 3078(95.3) |  |  |
 Yes | 13(6.2) | 151(4.7) | 1.35(0.75–2.41) | 0.320 |
Gestational diabetes | ||||
 Noa | 159(75.7) | 2397(74.2) |  |  |
 Yes | 51(24.3) | 832(25.8) | 0.92(0.67–1.28) | 0.634 |
Parity | ||||
 1-2a | 205(97.6) | 3088(95.6) |  |  |
  ≥ 3 | 5(2.4) | 141(4.4) | 0.53(0.22–1.32) | 0.174 |
Maternal previous antibiotic use | ||||
 Noa | 208(99.0) | 3131(97.0) |  |  |
 Yes | 2(1.0) | 98(3.0) | 0.31(0.07–1.26) | 0.100 |