Table 1 Percentage of under-five children according to ARI symptoms status, household environmental and other background characteristics, Nigeria, 2003–2013
Variables | 2003 (n = 5445) | 2008 (n = 24,975) | 2013 (n = 28,950) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ARI symptoms | All children | Children with ARI symptoms | All children | Children with ARI symptoms | All children | Children with ARI symptoms |
ARI symptoms | 550 (10.3) | 1159 (4.6) | 1095 (3.8) | |||
Household environment | ||||||
Unclean cooking fuel | 97.5 | 99.0 | 98.1 | 98.8 | 98.4 | 99.1 |
Cooking inside the house | NA | |||||
Smoking by household members | 31.6 | 32.6 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 6.9 | 10.1 |
Improved source of drinking water | 18.2 | 11.9 | 51.0 | 46.8 | 56.6 | 52.0 |
Improved toilet | 75.9 | 76.5 | 51.7 | 44.3 | 51.2 | 44.8 |
Quality of housing material | ||||||
Poor | NA | 42.9 | 48.9 | 41.2 | 50.0 | |
Average | NA | 14.3 | 15.1 | 16.4 | 17.1 | |
Good | NA | 42.8 | 36.0 | 42.4 | 32.9 | |
Over-crowded sleeping room | 58.1 | 55.6 | 58.5 | 54.6 | 56.2 | 53.3 |
Wealth quintile | ||||||
Poor | 42.6 | 48.4 | 44.8 | 51.7 | 45.3 | 51.3 |
Middle | 20.0 | 23.5 | 19.2 | 19.6 | 19.1 | 24.2 |
Rich | 37.3 | 28.1 | 36.0 | 28.7 | 35.6 | 24.5 |
Residence | ||||||
Rural | 69.7 | 77.1 | 69.2 | 72.0 | 64.1 | 70.0 |
Urban | 30.3 | 22.9 | 30.8 | 28.0 | 35.9 | 30.0 |
Region | ||||||
North West | 34.0 | 29.1 | 30.4 | 19.4 | 36.2 | 16.7 |
North East | 22.9 | 36.1 | 16.0 | 34.3 | 17.4 | 42.2 |
North Central | 14.6 | 9.6 | 13.8 | 10.5 | 13.9 | 14.5 |
South East | 6.5 | 4.0 | 9.7 | 11.0 | 8.9 | 12.7 |
South South | 12.8 | 15.0 | 13.3 | 18.7 | 9.5 | 9.9 |
South West | 9.2 | 6.0 | 16.9 | 6.2 | 14.1 | 4.0 |
Season of interview | ||||||
Dry | 29.2 | 39.2 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 62.8 | 74.8 |
Rainy | 70.8 | 60.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 37.2 | 25.2 |