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Table 3 Risk factors for BA episodes progressing to SBP

From: Clinical and bacteriological features and prognosis of ascitic fluid infection in Chinese patients with cirrhosis

Ā 

Progress to SBP (nā€‰=ā€‰45)

No progress to SBP (nā€‰=ā€‰142)

Univariate analysis

Ā 

Multivariate analysis

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Sex (male)

37 (82.2%)

108 (76.1%)

0.390

0.687 (0.292ā€“1.616)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Age (yr)

52.4ā€‰Ā±ā€‰9.2

55.4ā€‰Ā±ā€‰12.5

0.144

0.979(0.951ā€“1.007)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Nosocomial infection

23 (51.1%)

57 (40.1%)

0.197

1.559 (0.795ā€“3.059)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

MELD score

23.0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰10.7

16.3ā€‰Ā±ā€‰7.4

<ā€‰0.001

1.089 (1.046ā€“1.133)

Ā 

0.503

1.036 (0.934ā€“1.149)

Days between admission and onset of infection

3 (0ā€“7.5)

1 (0ā€“6)

0.239

1.018 (0.989ā€“1.048)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Fever

30 (66.7%)

69 (48.6%)

0.036

2.116 (1.049ā€“4.268)

Ā 

0.053

2.533 (0.986ā€“6.505)

Chills

4 (8.9%)

11 (7.7%)

0.806

1.162 (0.351ā€“3.846)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Abdominal pain

15(33.3%)

34 (23.9%)

0.214

1.588(0.765ā€“3.295)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

ALT(U/L)

42.0 (24.0ā€“106.0)

30.0 (20.0ā€“49.0)

0.011

1.005 (1.001ā€“1.009)

Ā 

0.326

1.004 (0.996ā€“1.011)

AST(U/L)

70.0 (42.0ā€“135.5)

52.5 (33.0ā€“88.5)

0.030

1.003(1.000ā€“1.005)

Ā 

0.602

1.001(0.996ā€“1.006)

Prealbumin(mg/L)

41.3ā€‰Ā±ā€‰22.7

56.1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰24.8

0.001

0.973 (0.957ā€“0.989)

Ā 

0.224

0.986 (0.965ā€“1.008)

Prothrombin time(S)

19.2 (15.7ā€“31.1)

16.3 (14.1ā€“19.3)

<ā€‰0.001

1.078 (1.034ā€“1.125)

Ā 

0.118

1.064 (0.984ā€“1.149)

Bun(mmol/L)

8.6 (5.5ā€“13.9)

6.6 (4.8ā€“11.5)

0.074

1.039 (0.996ā€“1.083)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Serum PMN(cells/Ī¼L)

4.9 (2.8ā€“9.8)

4.2 (2.4ā€“6.6)

0.002

1.12 (1.042ā€“1.205)

Ā 

0.161

1.641 (0.822ā€“3.277)

Serum WBC(cells/Ī¼L)

6.1 (4.0ā€“11.8)

5.4 (3.6ā€“8.5)

0.006

1.096 (1.027ā€“1.17)

Ā 

0.223

0.671 (0.353ā€“1.275)

Serum creatinine (Ī¼mol/L)

105.0 (82.0ā€“159.0)

88.5 (70.8ā€“113.5)

0.15

1.003 (0.999ā€“1.006)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Total protein(g/L)

56.0 (50.0ā€“61.0)

55.0 (50.0ā€“63.0)

0.679

0.997 (0.983ā€“1.011)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

Total bilirubin (Ī¼mol/L)

98.5 (43.9ā€“311.4)

51.9 (32.4ā€“140.2)

0.018

1.002 (1.000ā€“1.005)

Ā 

0.36

0.998 (0.994ā€“1.002)

Ascitic PMN(cells/Ī¼L)

64.7 (21.7ā€“141.7)

24.0 (5.3ā€“74.8)

0.002

1.008 (1.003ā€“1.013)

Ā 

0.029

1.007 (1.001ā€“1.013)

Ascitic WBC(cells/Ī¼L)

257.0(114.5ā€“370.0)

161.0 (91.8ā€“302.8)

0.529

1.000(0.999ā€“1.002)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

hepatocellular carcinoma

20 (44.4%)

39 (27.5%)

0.035

2.113 (1.056ā€“4.229)

Ā 

0.024

3.047 (1.161ā€“7.997)

hepatic encephalopathy

16(35.6%)

43(30.3%)

0.508

1.27(0.626ā€“2.577)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

septic shock

12(26.7%)

16 (11.3%)

0.014

2.864 (1.235ā€“6.639)

Ā 

0.799

0.851 (0.246ā€“2.949)

Gastrointestinal haemorrhage

11 (24.4%)

29 (20.4%)

0.567

1.261 (0.57ā€“2.786)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

diabetes mellitus

7 (15.6%)

28(19.7%)

0.534

0.75 (0.303ā€“1.856)

Ā 

ā€“

ā€“

  1. P-values < 0.05 and corresponding Odds ratioĀ are indicated in bold