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Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of 342 episodes of invasive candidiasis in neonatal versus non-neonatal pediatric children

From: Comparison of the incidence, clinical features and outcomes of invasive candidiasis in children and neonates

Characteristic

Neonatal episodes (total n = 113)

Non-neonatal pediatric episodes (total n = 229)

P value

Patient age, median (IQR)

27.0 (19.0–56.0) days

3.8 (1.2–10.6) years

–

Sex, male subjects/female subjects

68 (60.2)/45 (39.8)

110 (48.0)/119 (52.0)

0.039

Gestational age (weeks), median (IQR)

27.0 (25.0–29.0)

–

–

Underlying conditionsa

 Congenital or genetic anomalies

9 (8.0)

25 (10.9)

0.447

 Neurological sequelae

22 (19.5)

101 (44.1)

<  0.001

 Cardiovascular disease

9 (8.0)

22 (9.6)

0.693

 Chronic lung disease and/or pulmonary hypertension

60 (53.1)

33 (14.4)

<  0.001

 Gastrointestinal sequelae

26 (23.0)

69 (30.1)

0.119

 Renal sufficiency with/without dialysis

8 (7.1)

31 (13.5)

0.103

 Hematological/Oncology cancer

0 (0)

48 (21.0)

<  0.001

 Immunodeficiency

1 (0.9)

6 (2.6)

0.344

 Autoimmune disease

0 (0)

8 (3.5)

0.056

 Hepatic failure or cholestasis

4 (3.5)

9 (3.9)

1.000

 Othersb

1 (0.9)

1 (0.4)

–

Days of hospitalization before onset of invasive candidiasis, median (IQR)

26.0 (17.0–55.0)

29.5 (13.0–49.0)

0.818

Sequences of episodes

  

0.371

 First episode

96 (85.0)

185 (80.8)

 

 Recurrent episode

17 (15.0)

44 (19.2)

 

Associated risk factorsb

 Receipt of systemic antibioticsc

106 (93.8)

208 (90.8)

0.407

 Prior bacteremiac

43 (38.1)

126 (55.0)

0.004

 Prior azoles exposurec

10 (8.8)

21 (9.2)

1.000

 Presence of central venous catheter

108 (95.6)

214 (93.4)

0.625

 Stay in an intensive care unit

113 (100)

124 (54.1)

<  0.001

 Receipt of parenteral nutrition

105 (92.9)

116 (50.7)

<  0.001

 Receipt of immunosuppressive drugs

3 (2.7)

65 (28.4)

<  0.001

 Presence of artificial device other than central venous catheter

34 (30.1)

133 (58.1)

<  0.001

 Prior surgeryc

31 (27.4)

79 (34.5)

0.219

 Neutropeniad

12 (10.6)

70 (30.6)

<  0.001

  1. All data were expressed as number (percentage %), unless indicated otherwise; IQR interquartile range
  2. aIndicated the presence of underlying condition or risk factor at onset of invasive candidiasis, and most episodes occurred in patients with > 1 underlying condition or risk factor
  3. bOne neonatal episode occurred in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa, and one non-neonatal pediatric episode occurred in a patient with diabetes mellitus
  4. cWithin 1 month prior onset of invasive candidiasis
  5. dAbsolute neutrophil count ≤500 cells/μL
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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