Table 4 Characteristics of the group of patients discharged alive and its association with 5 year mortality
From: Risk factors for long-term mortality in patients admitted with severe infection
Variable | Total (n = 876) | Dead at 5 years (n = 243) | Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median ± SD, years | 63 ± 20 | 73 ± 14 | 1.04 (1.03–1.05), per year | < 0.001 | 1.03, per year (1.02–1.05) |
Female, n (%) | 458 (52) | 132 (54) | 0.89 (0.66–1.20) | 0.454 | |
Underlying conditions, n (%) | |||||
Diabetes mellitus | 183 (21) | 70 (29) | 1.86 (1.32–2.63) | < 0.001 | 1.65 (1.06–2.56) |
Atherosclerosis | 283 (21) | 74 (31) | 2.11 (1.50–2.96) | < 0.001 | |
Immunosuppression | 195 (22) | 51 (21) | 0.90 (0.63–1.29) | 0.575 | |
Chemotherapy | 26 (3) | 17 (7) | |||
Radiotherapy | 6 (1) | 4 (2) | |||
Long-term corticoid | 166 (18) | 34 (14) | |||
Short-term corticoid | 16 (2) | 5 (2) | |||
HIV positive (non-AIDS) | 6 (1) | 1 (0) | |||
AIDS | 2 (0) | 1 (0) | |||
Chronic liver disease | 14 (2) | 6 (3) | 1.98 (0.68–5.76) | 0.211 | |
Chronic heart failure | 62 (7) | 33 (14) | 3.27 (1.94–5.52) | < 0.001 | |
Chronic respiratory disease | 66 (7) | 43 (11,4) | 4.17 (2.39–7.26) | < 0.001 | 2.27 (1.09–4.69) |
Chronic kidney disease | 138 (16) | 46 (19) | 1.37 (0.93–2.03) | 0.111 | |
End Stage kidney disease | 66 (8) | 20 (8) | 1.14 (0.66–1.98) | 0.639 | |
Cancer | 27 (3) | 18 (7) | 5.55 (2.46–12.53) | < 0.001 | 4.69 (1.71–12.83) |
Haematologic cancer | 42 (5) | 18 (7) | 2.03 (1.08–3.81) | 0.028 | |
No comorbidities | 322 (37) | 48 (20) | 0.32 (0.23–0.46) | < 0.001 | |
Karnofsky Index < 70 | 230 (26) | 115 (47) | 4.05 (2.93–5.59) | < 0.001 | 2.50 (1.63–3.83) |
Type of infection | < 0.001 | ||||
Community | 436 (50) | 97 (40) | 1.0 | ||
Healthcare associated | 187 (21) | 75 (31) | 2.34 (1.62–3.39) | ||
Hospital-acquired | 253 (29) | 71 (29) | 1.36 (0.96–1.95) | ||
Severity of infection | 0.61 | ||||
Infection | 255 (29) | 66 (27) | 1.0 | ||
Sepsis | 325 (37) | 96 (40) | 1.20 (0.83–1.73) | ||
Severe sepsis | 246 (28) | 70 (29) | 1.14 (0.77–1.67) | ||
Septic shock | 50 (6) | 11 (5) | 0.80 (0.39–1.67) | ||
SAPS II score, per point | 27 ± 10 | 31 ± 9 | 1.05 (1.03–1.06) | < 0.001 | |
SOFA score, per point | 2 ± 2 | 2 ± 2 | 0.99 (0.93–1.06) | 0.771 | |
Focus of infection | 0.005 | ||||
Respiratory | 345 (39) | 94 (39) | 1.0 | ||
Urinary | 304 (35) | 100 (41) | 1.31 (0.94–1.83) | ||
Abdominal | 280 (21) | 33 (14) | 0.60 (0.38–0.94) | ||
Other | 47 (5) | 16 (7) | 1.38 (0.72–2.64) | ||
Microbiologic documentation | 593 (68) | 179 (74) | 1.48 (1.07–2.06) | 0.020 | |
Positive blood cultures | 126 (14) | 46 (19) | 1.61 (1.09–2.40) | 0.018 | 1.66 (1.04–2.64) |
Infection by a MDR pathogen | 265 (49) | 89 (53) | 1.24 (0.86–1.79) | 0.245 | |
Infection by an ESKAPE pathogen | 82 (15) | 30 (18) | 1.33 (0.81–2.17) | 0.256 | |
Inappropriate antibiotherapy | 113 (19) | 43 (24) | 1.55 (1.01–2.39) | 0.044 | |