Table 3 Factors associated with positive oral HPV DNA at univariable and multivariable analysis
Positive HPV DNA (n/total) | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis§ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p | aOR (95% CI) | p | ||
Age, years | |||||
≥ 45 | 26/146 | 1 | 1 | ||
< 45 | 38/159 | 1.45 (0.83–2.54) | 0.193 | 1.09 (0.59–2.00) | 0.791 |
Current use of recreational drugs | |||||
No or former | 49/258 | 1 | 1 | 0.422 | |
Yes | 15/47 | 2.0 (1.01–3.98) | 0.048* | 1.36 (0.64–2.90) | |
Current cigarette smoking | |||||
No or former | 28/160 | 1 | |||
Yes | 36/145 | 1.58 (0.89–2.71) | 0.118 | ||
Duration of HIV infection, years | |||||
< 2 | 11/55 | 1 | |||
2–4 | 13/80 | 0.78 (0.32–1.89) | 0.576 | ||
> 4 | 35/142 | 1.23 (0.58–2.61) | 0.587 | ||
cART | |||||
No | 4/16 | 1 | |||
Yes | 60/289 | 0.79 (0.25–2.52) | 0.686 | ||
CD4+ cell count/μl | |||||
≥ 200 | 58/297 | 1 | 1 | ||
< 200 | 6/8 | 12.36 (2.43–62.83) | 0.002* | 12.58 (2.19–72.30) | 0.005* |
HIV RNA, copies/mL, | |||||
Not detected or detectable ≤40 | 52/268 | 1 | 0.072‡ | 1 | 0.277 |
> 40 | 12/37 | 1.99 (0.94–4.23) | 1.59 (0.69–3.70) | ||
Type of sexual partner | |||||
Heterosexual | 5/33 | 1 | |||
Homosexual | 28/135 | 1.47 (0.52–4.14) | 0.471 | ||
Bisexual | 31/137 | 1.64 (0.58–4.60) | 0.349 | ||
N. of sexual partners in lifetime | |||||
< 10 | 2/27 | 1 | |||
10–100 | 14/126 | 1.56 (0.33–7.32) | 0.571 | ||
> 100 | 48/152 | 5.77 (1.31–25.35) | 0.020* | ||
N. of sexual partners in the last 12 months | |||||
0–1 | 16/120 | 1 | 1 | ||
2–5 | 17/80 | 1.75 (0.83–3.72) | 0.143 | 2.01 (0.90–4.49) | 0.090‡ |
> 5 | 31/105 | 2.72 (1.39–5.34) | 0.004* | 2.78 (1.30–5.93) | 0.008* |
Oral sex | |||||
No or insertive | 3/30 | 1 | |||
Receptive/both | 61/275 | 2.57 (0.75–8.74) | 0.132 | ||
Anal HPV DNA | |||||
Negative | 5/45 | 1 | 1 | ||
Positive | 59/260 | 2.35 (0.89–6.22) | 0.086‡ | 1.72 (0.63–4.68) | 0.289 |
History of anal/genital condylomatosis | |||||
No | 33/193 | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 31/112 | 1.86 (1.06–3.24) | 0.030* | 1.42 (0.78–2.58) | 0.252 |