Table 2 Factors associated with end of MDR-TB treatment outcomes in Brazil, univariate analysis
From: Treatment outcomes of MDR-tuberculosis patients in Brazil: a retrospective cohort analysis
Odds of treatment success (cure/completed) vs. failure/relapse N = 1358 | Odds of treatment success (cure/completed) vs. failure/relapse/death N = 1569 | Odds of treatment success (cure/completed) vs. failure/death/loss to follow-up N = 1972 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Success (%) | OR (95% CI) | Success (%) | OR (95% CI) | Success (%) | OR (95% CI) | |
Regimen | ||||||
Standardized | 922 (89%) | 2.8 (2.0; 3.8) | 922 (77%) | 1.7 (1.3; 2.2) | 922 (61%) | 1.3 (1.0; 1.6)† |
Individualized | 243 (76%) | Reference | 243 (66%) | Reference | 243 (54%) | Reference |
HIV co-infection* | ||||||
No | 1053 (86%) | 1.1 (0.6; 2.1) | 1089 (75%) | 1.7 (1.2; 2.6) | 1089 (61%) | 2.2 (1.6; 3.0) |
Yes | 76 (86%) | Reference | 76 (64%) | Reference | 76 (42%) | |
Sex | ||||||
Female | 402 (84%) | 0.8 (0.6; 1.1)† | 402 (74%) | 0.9 (0.7; 1.2) | 402 (61%) | 1.1 (0.9; 1.4) |
Male | 763 (87%) | Reference | 763 (75%) | Reference | 763 (58%) | Reference |
Age | – | 1.0 (1.0; 1.1) | – | 1.1 (1.0; 1.1) | – | 1.1 (1.0; 1.1) |
Macro-region | ||||||
North | 153 (92%) | 0.9 (0.4; 2.1) | 153 (79%) | 1.0 (0.6; 1.6) | 153 (69%) | 1.6 (1.1; 2.3) |
Northeastern | 309 (82%) | 0.3 (0.2; 0.6) | 309 (67%) | 0.5 (0.4; 0.8) | 309 (54%) | 0.8 (0.6; 1.1)† |
Centre-West | 31 (86%) | 0.6 (0.2; 2.0) | 31 (82%) | 1.2 (0.4; 2.8) | 31 (61%) | 1.1 (0.6; 2.0)† |
Southeastern | 519 (86%) | 0.5 (0.3; 0.9) | 519 (76%) | 0.9 (0.6; 1.3) | 519 (61%) | 1.1 (0.8; 1.5) |
South | 153 (92%) | Reference | 153 (80%) | Reference | 153 (58%) | Reference |
Smoking | ||||||
No/unknown | 1087 (86%) | 1.7 (1.1; 2.9) | 1087 (75%) | 1.5 (1.0; 2.2)† | 1087 (60%) | 1.5 (1.1; 2.1) |
Yes | 78 (79%) | Reference | 78 (68%) | Reference | 78 (50%) | Reference |
Ethnical Group | ||||||
Afro-Brazilian | 687 (86%) | 1.0 (0.7; 1.3) | 687 (73%) | 0.9 (0.7; 1.1) | 687 (57%) | 0.8 (0.6; 0.9) |
Indigenous | 7 (88%) | 1.1 (0.1; 8.9) | 7 (88%) | 2.1 (0.3; 17.6) | 7 (70%) | 1.4 (0.4; 5.5) |
Other/unknown | 15 (83%) | 0.8 (0.2; 2.7) | 15 (79%) | 1.2 (0.4; 3.5) | 15 (75%) | 1.8 (0.6; 5.0) |
Caucasian | 455 (86%) | Reference | 455 (76%) | Reference | 455 (63%) | Reference |
Alcohol use | ||||||
No/unknown | 978 (86%) | 1.1 (0.7; 1.6) | 978 (75%) | 1.2 (0.8; 1.6) | 978 (60%) | 1.3 (1.0; 1.6)† |
Yes | 187 (85%) | Reference | 187 (72%) | Reference | 187 (53%) | Reference |
Diabetes | ||||||
No/unknown | 1006 (85%) | 0.7 (0.4; 1.2)† | 1006 (74%) | 0.8 (0.5; 1.1)† | 1006 (57%) | 0.6 (0.4; 0.8) |
Yes | 159 (90%) | Reference | 159 (79%) | Reference | 159 (70%) | Reference |
Cavity‡ | ||||||
No | 241 (89%) | 1.3 (0.8; 2.0)† | 241(76%) | 1.1 (0.9; 1.4) | 241(61%) | 1.1 (0.9; 1.4) |
Yes | 907 (85%) | Reference | 907 (74%) | Reference | 907 (58%) | Reference |
Bilateral disease‡ | ||||||
No | 432 (88%) | 1.4 (1.1; 2.1) | 432 (80%) | 1.7 (1.3; 2.2) | 432(65%) | 1.5 (1.2; 1.8) |
Yes | 716 (84%) | Reference | 716 (71%) | Reference | 716 (56%) | Reference |
AFB positive§ | ||||||
No | 190 (93%) | 2.3 (1.3;4.1) | 190 (83%) | 1.7 (1.2; 2.5) | 190 (69%) | 1.7 (1.3; 2.2) |
Yes | 960 (86%) | Reference | 960 (74%) | Reference | 960 (58%) | Reference |
First DR-TB episode†† | ||||||
Yes | 1083 (91%) | 8.7 (5.9; 12.8) | 1083 (81%) | 5.6 (4.2; 7.8) | 1083 (66%) | 5.6 (4.2; 7.4) |
No | 73 (52%) | Reference | 73 (41%) | Reference | 73 (26%) | Reference |
Number of previous treatment | – | 0.2 (0.15; 0.26) | – | 0.30 (0.20; 0.33) | – | 0.26 (0.2; 0.33) |
DOT | ||||||
No/unknown | 233 (83%) | 0.6 (0.5; 1.0)† | 233 (73%) | 0.9 (0.7; 1.2) | 233 (56%) | 0.9 (0.7; 1.1)† |
Yes | 932 (87%) | Reference | 932 (75%) | Reference | 932 (59%) | Reference |
Six month culture conversion ** | ||||||
No | 181 (95%) | 1.0 (0.5; 2.1) | 181 (93%) | 1.0 (0.5; 1.9) | 181 (87%) | 1.3 (0.9;2.1) |
Yes | 741 (95%) | Reference | 741 (93%) | Reference | 741 (84%) | Reference |
Quinolone used‡‡ | ||||||
Levofloxacin | 799 (90%) | 1.5 (0.9; 2.5)† | 799 (78%) | 1.6 (1.1; 2.3) | 799 (62%) | 1.5 (1.1; 1.9) |
Ofloxacin | 123(86%) | Reference | 123 (69%) | Reference | 123 (53%) | Reference |
Injectable used‡‡ | ||||||
Streptomycin | 503 (92%) | 1.7 (1.2; 2.6) | 503 (82%) | 1.8 (1.4; 2.4) | 503 (64%) | 1.4 (1.2; 1.7) |
Amikacin | 419 (87%) | Reference | 419 (77%) | Reference | 419 (57%) | Reference |
Pyrazinamide used‡‡ | ||||||
No | 147 (92%) | 1.5 (0.8; 2.6) | 147 (74%) | 0.8 (0.6;1.1)† | 147 (74%) | 1.0 (0.8; 1.3) |
Yes | 775 (89%) | Reference | 775 (78%) | Reference | 775 (78%) | Reference |