Characteristics | Overall patients (n = 105) | MDR pathogens group (n = 24) | Non-MDR pathogens group (n = 81) | P Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 71 (61–76) | 73 (62–79) | 71 (61–76) | 0.199 |
Male | 68 (64.8%) | 15 (62.5%) | 53 (65.4%) | 0.792 |
Female | 37 (35.2%) | 9 (37.5) | 28 (34.6%) | 0.792 |
Time interval between dialysis and pneumonia (months) | 30 (11–69) | 21 (10–74) | 34 (12–69) | 0.541 |
Etiology of dialysisa | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 60 (57.1%) | 14 (58.3%) | 46 (56.7%) | 0.344 |
Hypertension | 57 (54.2%) | 11 (45.8%) | 46 (56.7%) | 0.893 |
Glomerulonephropathy | 6 (5.7%) | 1 (4.1%) | 5 (6.1%) | 1.000 |
Idiopathic | 7 (6.6%) | 2 (8.3%) | 5 (6.1%) | 0.658 |
Others | 13 (12.3%) | 1 (4.1%) | 12 (14.8%) | 0.289 |
Tube feeding | 9 (8.5%) | 5 (20.8%) | 4 (4.9%) | 0.028 |
HCAP criteria other than HDAP | 17 (70.8%) | 27 (33.3%) | 0.001 | |
Recent hospitalization | 42 (40.0%) | 16 (66.6%) | 26 (32.0%) | 0.002 |
NHAP | 10 (9.5%) | 5 (20.8%) | 5 (6.1%) | 0.047 |
Recent intravenous therapy | 10 (9.5%) | 3 (12.5%) | 7 (8.6%) | 0.692 |
Clinical parameters | ||||
Severe pneumonia | 37 (35.2%) | 13 (54.1%) | 24 (29.6%) | 0.027 |
Confusion | 15 (14.2%) | 6 (25.0%) | 9 (11.1%) | 0.103 |
Respiratory failure | 47 (44.7%) | 14 (58.3%) | 33 (40.7%) | 0.128 |
Sepsis or septic shock at onset | 15 (14.2%) | 7 (29.1%) | 8 (9.8%) | 0.040 |
ICU admission | 22 (20.9%) | 10 (41.6%) | 12 (14.8%) | 0.005 |
Need for ventilator | 6 (5.7%) | 3 (12.5%) | 3 (3.7%) | 0.131 |
Radiological findings | ||||
Multi-lobar involvement | 73 (69.5%) | 20 (83.3%) | 53 (65.4%) | 0.094 |
Pleural effusion | 33 (31.4%) | 6 (25.0%) | 27 (33.3%) | 0.440 |
Laboratory findings | ||||
WBC (/mm3) | 11,200 (7400–15,015) | 13,210 (8200–18,600) | 10,680 (7150–14,960) | 0.104 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 8.5 (3.7–15.1) | 9.4 (4.8–16.0) | 7.1 (3.7–14.7) | 0.364 |
Procalcitonin, n = 62, (mg/dl) | 1.1 (0.4–5.9) | 1.7 (0.5–6.8) | 0.9 (0.3–5.6) | 0.571 |
Indices for disease severity | ||||
CURB-65 score | 2 (1–2) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) | 0.095 |
CURB-65 score ≥ 3 | 19 (18.0%) | 7 (29.1%) | 12 (14.8%) | 0.133 |
PSI score | 123 (105–145) | 148 (120–181) | 118 (99–139) | 0.001 |
PSI class IV or V | 91 (86.6%) | 23 (95.8%) | 68 (83.9%) | 0.181 |
Initial antibiotic therapy | ||||
as CAP | 47 (44.7%) | 4 (16.6%) | 43 (53.0%) | 0.002 |
as HAP | 58 (55.2%) | 20 (83.3%) | 38 (46.9%) | 0.002 |
Use of Anti-MRSA agents | 7 (6.6%) | 4 (16.6%) | 3 (3.7%) | 0.046 |
Clinical outcomes | ||||
Use of inappropriate antibiotics | 21 (20.0%) | 15 (62.5%) | 6 (7.4%) | <0.001 |
Change of initial antibiotics | 40 (38.0%) | 13 (54.1%) | 27 (33.3%) | 0.065 |
Failure of initial antibiotics therapy | 29 (27.6%) | 11 (45.8%) | 18 (22.2%) | 0.254 |
Duration of antibiotic therapy (days) | 12 (10–15) | 12 (9–22) | 12 (10–15) | 0.401 |
Length of hospital stay (days) | 11 (7–17) | 14 (9–25) | 11 (7–16) | 0.093 |
Pneumonia-related mortality rate | 8 (7.6%) | 6 (25.0%) | 2 (2.4%) | 0.002 |
Hospital mortality rate | 11 (10.4%) | 6 (25.0%) | 5 (6.1%) | 0.016 |