Programme characteristics | Total, n = 22 (%) |
---|---|
Geographic location of testing programmes | |
 Africa | 9 (40.9) |
 Europe | 3 (13.6) |
 South-East Asia | 4 (18.2) |
 Western Pacific | 6 (27.3) |
Income categories of countries where programmes conducted a n = 19 countries | |
 Low-income | 7/19 (36.8) |
 Lower-middle income | 8/19 (42.1) |
 Upper-middle | 3/19 (15.8) |
 High-income | 1/19 (5.3) |
Programme coverage | |
 National | 7 (31.8) |
 Regional | 3 (13.6) |
 Local | 12 (54.5) |
Number of testing sites | |
 More than five | 7 (31.8) |
 Two to five | 6 (27.3) |
 One | 8 (36.4) |
 Not indicated | 1 (4.5) |
Type of organisation leading programme | |
 Non-governmental or international organization | 10 (45.5) |
 Government | 3 (13.6) |
 Hospital | 6 (27.3) |
 Research institution | 3 (13.6) |
Duration of programme | |
 ≥ 5 years | 9 (40.9) |
 2 to 4 years | 4 (18.2) |
 ≤ 1 year | 4 (18.2) |
 No response | 5 (22.7) |
Target population and location of testing | |
 Target population for testing | |
  Specific target populations only | 11 (50) |
  General populationb only | 2 (9.1) |
  General and specific target populations | 9 (40.9) |
 Details of specific target population (multiple options possible) | |
  HIV positive | 11 (50) |
  PWID | 10 (45.5) |
  Clinical suspicion of hepatitis (Abnormal liver function tests or symptoms/signs) | 6 (27.3) |
  Sex worker | 6 (27.3) |
  Pregnant women | 6 (27.3) |
  Health care worker | 6 (27.3) |
  Prisoner | 4 (18.2) |
  Family of HBV/HCV/HIV positive | 3 (13.6) |
  Children of positive mothers | 3 (13.6) |
  MSM | 3 (13.6) |
  Otherc | 5 (22.7) |
  Testing setting (multiple options possible) | |
  Hospital-based | 12 (54.5) |
  HIV clinic | 10 (45.5) |
  Harm reduction service | 6 (27.3) |
  Primary health care facility | 4 (18.2) |
  Outreach programme | 4 (18.2) |
  Antenatal clinic | 4 (18.2) |
  Private sector | 2 (9.1) |
  Community | 1 (4.5) |
  Otherd | 4 (18.2) |
Approaches to testing | |
 Who initiates testing? (multiple options possible) | |
  Provider | 19 (86.4) |
  Client | 8 (36.4) |
  Not indicated | 2 (9.1) |
 Who delivers testing? (multiple options possible) | |
  Physician | 11 (50) |
  Laboratory technician | 5 (22.7) |
  Counsellor | 5 (22.7) |
  Nurse | 4 (18.2) |
  Other health care worker | 4 (18.2) |
  Othere | 3 (13.6) |
 Testing approach for HCV (20 programmes)f | |
  RDT standalone | 12 (60, n = 20) |
  EIA standalone | 4 (20, n = 20) |
  RDT/EIA + NAT | 2 (30, n = 20) |
  NAT standalone | 1 (5, n = 20) |
  Not indicated | 1 (5, n = 20) |
 Testing approach for HBV (22 programmes)g | |
  RDT standalone | 11 (50) |
  EIA standalone | 6 (27.3) |
  RDT/EIA + NAT | 4 (18.2) |
  Not indicated | 1 (4.5) |
 Integrated testing (multiple options possible) | |
  With HIV | 8 (36.4) |
  With HIV/HBV/HCV/Syphilis | 6 (27.3) |
  With HBV/HCV | 4 (18.2) |
  With HIV/HBV/HCV/TB | 1 (4.5) |
  No integrated testing | 5 (22.7) |
 Liver staging in those with positive test | |
  Not routinely done | 6 (27.3) |
  Yesh | 16 (72.7) |
 Counseling | |
  Pre−/post- counseling | 15 (68.2) |
  No counseling/or unknown | 7 (31.8) |
Access to treatment and funding | |
 Treatment availability | |
  HBVi | 18 (81.8) |
  HCV | 14 (70, n = 20) |
  No treatment for either HBV and HCV | 2 (10, n = 20) |
 Funding source for HCV testing (multiple options possible, 20 programmes) | |
  Support from NGO/IO/Government/Other donor | 15 (75) |
  Patient self-payment | 7 (35) |
  Private insurance | 4 (20) |
 Funding source for HBV testing (multiple options possible, 22 programmes) | |
  Support from NGO/IO/Government/Other donor | 19 (86.4) |
  Patient self-payment | 8 (36.4) |
  Private insurance | 4 (18.2) |
 Financial support for treatment | |
  For HBV | 6 (27.3) |
  For HCV | 7 (35, n = 20) |