Overall Low Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin Resistance but high Azithromycin Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 24 European Countries, 2015

Table 1 Resistance to cefixime, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in N. gonorrhoeae isolates from 24 EU/EEA countries, 2015

Country	No. of isolates tested	Resistance						Method of testing
		Cefixime		Azithromycin		Ciprofloxacin
		No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Austria	61	0	0.0%	2	3.3%	40	65.6%	Decentralised – Etest
Belgium	99	11	11.1%	3	3.0%	49	49.5%	Decentralised – AD
Croatia	8	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	3	37.5%	Centralised – Etest
Cyprus	3	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	2	66.7%	Decentralised – Etest
Denmark	110	0	0.0%	3	2.7%	34	30.9%	Decentralised – Etest
Estonia	18	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	5	27.8%	Centralised – Etest
France	105	0	0.0%	6	5.7%	44	41.9%	Decentralised – Etest
Germany	109	2	1.8%	2	1.8%	67	61.5%	Centralised – BKP/Etest
Greece^a	100	11	11.0%	22	22.0%	77	77.0%	Decentralised – Etest
Hungary	64	1	1.6%	3	4.7%	34	53.1%	Centralised - BKP/Etest
Iceland	14	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	4	28.6%	Decentralised – Etest
Ireland	110	1	0.9%	20	18.2%	50	45.5%	Decentralised – Etest
Italy	100	0	0.0%	2	2.0%	71	71.0%	Decentralised – Etest
Latvia	9	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	1	11.1%	Centralised – Etest
Malta	29	0	0.0%	4	13.8%	19	65.5%	Decentralised – Etest
Netherlands	200	0	0.0%	8	4.0%	74	37.0%	Decentralised – Etest
Norway	110	1	0.9%	4	3.6%	64	58.7%^b	Decentralised – AD
Poland	56	0	0.0%	3	5.4%	32	57.1%	Centralised – Etest
Portugal	110	0	0.0%	19	17.3%	41	37.3%	Decentralised – Etest
Slovakia	104	4	3.8%	2	1.9%	56	53.8%	Centralised – Etest
Slovenia	109	0	0.0%	0	0.0%	38	34.9%	Decentralised – Etest
Spain	167	4	2.4%	5	3.0%	109	65.3%	Decentralised – Etest
Sweden	100	0	0.0%	14	14.0%	45	45.0%	Decentralised – Etest
UK	239	1	0.4%	30	12.6%	95	39.7%	Decentralised – AD/Etest
Total:
Cefixime	2132	36	1.7%
Ciprofloxacin	2133					1054	49.4%
Azithromycin	2134			152	7.1%
95% CI			1.2–2.3		6.1–8.3		47.3–51.5

EU/EEA European Union/European Economic Area, No. Number, Etest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) gradient strips to determine the MIC of an antimicrobial (mostly Etests, but also some other MIC gradient strips were used in some countries), AD agar dilution method to determine the MIC of an antimicrobial, BKP Breakpoint agar dilution method, CI confidence interval of the mean %
^aOnly one (0.05%) ceftriaxone resistant isolate was identified in Euro-GASP in 2015 (in Greece; MIC = 0.25 mg/L)
^bCalculated from 109 isolates with ciprofloxacin results

ISSN: 1471-2334