Table 2 Predictors of Switching to Second-Line ART after Virologic Failure
Characteristics | n/ pys | n/100 pys (95% CI) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p-value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | p-value | |||
Overall | 82/168.7 | 48.6(39.1–60.4) | ||||
Age in years | ||||||
18–24 | 11/12.1 | 90.9(50.3–164.1) | Ref | Ref | ||
25–34 | 48/78.3 | 61.3(46.2–81.3) | 0.85(0.5–1.6) | 0.022 | 0.96(0.5–1.8) | 0.254 |
≥ 35 | 23/78.3 | 29.4(19.5–44.2) | 0.46(0.2–0.9) | 0.63(0.3–1.3) | ||
Gender | ||||||
Female | 52/104 | 50(38.1–65.6) | Ref | 0.377 | Ref | 0.224 |
Male | 30/64.7 | 46.4(32.4–66.3) | 0.82(0.5–1.3) | 0.74(0.5–1.2) | ||
Year of ART initiation | ||||||
2004–2007 | 52/124.4 | 41.8(31.9–54.9) | Ref | 0.239 | ||
2008–2011 | 30/44.3 | 67.7(47.3–96.8) | 1.31(0.8–2.0) | |||
Type of ART treatment clinic | ||||||
Central clinic | 16/21.8 | 73.5(45–120) | Ref | 0.338 | ||
Peripheral clinic | 66/146.9 | 44.9(35.3–57.2) | 0.76(0.4–1.3) | |||
WHO stage at ART initiation | ||||||
1 | 24/45.1 | 53.2(35.6–79.3) | Ref | 0.912 | ||
2 | 33/75.6 | 43.7(31–61.4) | 0.91(0.6–1.5) | |||
3 or 4 | 25/48 | 52.1(35.2–77.2) | 0.90(0.5–1.6) | |||
First-line ART regimen | ||||||
EFV-based regimen | 22/43.8 | 50.2(33.1–76.2) | Ref | 0.670 | ||
NVP-based regimen | 60/124.9 | 48(37.3–61.9) | 1.11(0.7–1.8) | |||
CD4 count at ART initiation (cells/ul) | ||||||
≥ 100 | 45/129 | 34.9(26–46.7) | Ref | <0.001 | Ref | <0.001 |
≤ 99 | 37/39.7 | 93.2(67.5–128.6) | 2.31(1.5–3.6) | 2.30(1.5–3.6) | ||
CD4 count at ART failure (cells/ul)a | ||||||
≥ 100 | 60/141.3 | 42.5(33–54.7) | Ref | 0.316 | ||
≤ 99 | 7/3.9 | 180.1(85.8–377.7) | 1.57(0.6–3.8) | |||
Viral load at ART failure (copies/ml) | ||||||
≤ 5000 | 16/76.4 | 20.9(12.8–34.2) | Ref | <0.001 | Ref | <0.001 |
5001–10,000 | 12/39 | 30.8(17.5–54.2) | 1.44(0.8–2.7) | 1.81(0.9–3.6) | ||
> 10,000 | 54/53.3 | 101.3(77.6–132.2) | 3.44(2.0–6.0) | 3.38(1.9–6.2) | ||
Year of virologic failure | ||||||
2004–2007 | 52/124.4 | 41.8(31.9–54.9) | Ref | 0.239 | ||
2008–2013 | 30/44.3 | 67.7(47.3–96.8) | 1.33(0.8–2.1) | |||
Virologic suppression prior to virologic failure | ||||||
No | 52/124.4 | 41.8(31.9–54.9) | Ref | 0.797 | ||
Yes | 30/44.3 | 67.7(47.3–96.8) | 0.95(0.6–1.5) | |||