Table 1 Distribution of the clinical and laboratorial characteristics of 445 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis according to the need for treatment (NESH) or no treament (ESH), INI/Fiocruz, Brazil (2002–2013)
Variable | Status | Treatment/No treatment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NESH | ESH | p-value* | ||||
n | % | n | % | |||
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES | ||||||
Sex | Male | 277 | 64.1 | 5 | 38.5 | 0.057 |
Female | 155 | 35.9 | 8 | 61.5 | ||
Age group | 15–30 years | 150 | 34.7 | 5 | 38.5 | 0.877 |
> 30 years | 282 | 65.3 | 8 | 61.5 | ||
Comorbities | Yes | 115 | 26.6 | 2 | 15.4 | 0.291 |
No | 317 | 73.4 | 11 | 84.6 | ||
Medications | Yes | 275 | 63.7 | 7 | 53.8 | 0.327 |
No | 157 | 36.3 | 6 | 46.2 | ||
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LESIONS | ||||||
Number of lesions | 1 | 276 | 63.9 | 12 | 92.3 | 0.027 |
2 or more | 156 | 36.1 | 1 | 7.7 | ||
Larger diameter of the lesion (mm) | 4--26 | 167 | 39.2 | 6 | 50.0 | 0.320 |
≥ 27 | 259 | 60.8 | 6 | 50.0 | ||
Ulcer | Yes | 387 | 89.6 | 7 | 53.8 | 0.002 |
No | 45 | 10.4 | 6 | 46.2 | ||
Epithelialized lesion at first visit | Yes | 5 | 1.2 | 4 | 30.8 | 0.001 |
No | 427 | 98.8 | 9a | 69.2 | ||
Location at the dorsal aspect of the trunk | Yes | 33 | 7.6 | 4 | 30.8 | 0.017 |
No | 399 | 92.4 | 9 | 69.2 | ||
MST with bullous reaction | Yes | 10 | 2.3 | 2 | 15.4 | 0.044 |
No | 422 | 97.7 | 11 | 84.6 | ||
LABORATORY EXAMS | ||||||
MST | Positive | 355 | 95.7 | 12 | 92.3 | 0.450 |
Negative | 16 | 4.3 | 1 | 7.7 | ||
IFA | Positive | 278 | 80.4 | 6 | 66.7 | 0.260 |
Negative | 68 | 19.6 | 3 | 33.3 | ||
ELISA | Positive | 341 | 90.0 | 9 | 90.0 | 0.736 |
Negative | 38 | 10.0 | 1 | 10.0 | ||
CULTURE | Positive | 341 | 84.6 | 1 | 9.1 | 0.001 |
Negative | 62 | 15.4 | 10 | 90.9 | ||
IMPRINT | Positive | 133 | 42.1 | 1 | 11.1 | 0.142 |
Negative | 183 | 57.9 | 8 | 88.9 | ||
PCR | Positive | 124 | 86.1 | 5 | 62.5 | 0.102 |
Negative | 20 | 13.9 | 3 | 37.5 | ||
HISTOPATHOLOGY | ||||||
AMASTIGOTES | Yes | 266 | 62.6 | 3 | 23.1 | 0.005 |
No | 159 | 37.4 | 10 | 76.9 | ||
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY | ||||||
AMASTIGOTES | Yes | 12 | 50.0 | 3 | 25.0 | 0.038 |
No | 12 | 50.0 | 9 | 75.0 | ||