The association between tuberculosis and the development of insulin resistance in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis in the Western sub-district of the Cape Metropole region, South Africa: a combined cross-sectional, cohort study

Table 2 Comparison of baseline variables of IR group vs. non-IR group (continuous and categorical variables) (n = 59)

Variable (Baseline)	Unit	Non-IR Group (n = 44) Mean (SD)	IR Group (n = 15) Mean (SD)	p-value*
Continuous variables
Age	years	35.43 (12.02)	29.60 (11.29)	0.04
Systolic blood pressure	mmHg	119.23 (17.78)	125.13 (11.57)	0.13
Diastolic blood pressure	mmHg	75.45 (12.46)	79.93 (10.42)	0.05
Albumin	g/L	38.75 (4.58)	41.00 (3.16)	0.17
Fasting glucose	mmol/L	4.71 (0.69)	5.13 (1.02)	0.16
CRP	mmol/L	64.10 (53.82)	48.91 (41.01)	0.51
Fasting insulin	mU/l	5.63 (2.43)	28.20 (33.21)	<0.01
Total cholesterol	mg/L	3.39 (0.87)	3.71 (0.95)	0.30
Triglycerides	mmol/L	0.88 (0.35)	0.95 (0.27)	0.38
HDL-cholesterol	mmol/L	0.99 (0.33)	0.93 (0.26)	0.56
LDL-cholesterol	mmol/L	1.98 (0.65)	2.35 (0.80)	0.24
White cell count	10ˆ9/l	8.79 (3.68)	8.99 (3.30)	0.68
HOMA-IR	-	1.18 (0.54)	7.22 (10.32)	<0.01
QUICKI	-	0.39 (0.04)	0.31 (0.03)	<0.01
		Categorical variables
		Groups assessed		p -value***
Gender		IR vs. non-IR		0.877
Age groups**		IR vs. non-IR		0.210
Race		IR vs. non-IR		0.816
BMI classification		IR vs. non-IR		0.217
Waist circumference classification		IR vs. non-IR		0.122

SD = standard deviation, CRP = C-reactive protein, HDL = high density lipoprotein, LDL = low density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, QUICKI = quantitative insulin sensitivity check index
Bold and shaded variables indicate statistical significance
*Mann-Whitney U test
**Age groups concerned: 18–30 years; 31–45 years; 46–65 years
*** cc Maximum-likelihood chi square test

ISSN: 1471-2334