Immunological recovery in tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy: implication for tuberculosis preventive therapy

Table 1 Characteristic of cART-treated HIV-infected patients in the German ClinSurv HIV Cohort, 1999-2013

Demographic and clinical characteristic of HIV patients, N = 10,671 (100%)	HIV-infected patients who remained free of TB, N = 10,532 (98.7%)	HIV-infected patients developing TB, N = 139 (1.3%)	P value
Female sex	2388 (22.5%)	45 (31.5%)	0.01^b
Age at time of cART initiation
Median (IQR), years	38.0 (31 – 45)	36.5 (31 – 45)	0.8^c
Geographical origin
Germany	7289 (70.1%)	60 (42.9%)	<0.001^b
Sub-Saharan Africa	1344 (12.9%)	50 (35.7%)
South−/Southeast Asia	273 (2.7%)	10 (7.1%)
Others	1486 (14.3%)	20 (14.3%)
HIV-transmission routes
MSM	5377 (56.9%)	49 (36.6%)	<0.001^b
IDUs	886 (9.4%)	8 (6.0%)
Others	3186 (33.7%)	77 (57.4%)
Calendar year of cART initiation			<0.001^b
1999-2002	2524 (23.9%)	56 (24.2%)
2003-2008	4531 (43.1%)	58 (43.0%)
2009-2013	3477 (33.0%)	25 (32.8%)
Baseline CD4+ count^a
Median (IQR), cells per μl	285 (173 – 413)	168 (80 - 326)	0.1^c
Baseline CD8+ count^a
Median (IQR), cells per μl	900 (602 – 1297)	846 (609 – 1364)	0.8^c
Baseline CD4:CD8 ratio^a
Median (IQR)	0.3 (0.2 – 0.5)	0.2 (0.1 – 0.3)	0.3^c
Baseline viral load^a
Median (IQR), log₁₀ copies per ml	4.6 (3.6 – 5.2)	4.9 (3.7 – 5.1)	0.06^c

cART combination antiretroviral therapy, TB tuberculosis, IQR interquartile range, MSM men who have sex with men, IDU injecting drug users
^aBaseline was defined as the measurements taken at the date of cART initiation
^bObtained using a χ² test for difference in proportion
^cObtained using a non-parametric K-sample test on the equality of medians

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