Table 3 Comparison of characteristics between the MDR and non-MDR groups
Factor | Non-MDR group (n = 23) | MDR group (n = 13) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Male sex | 14 (60.9) | 12 (92.3) | 0.060 |
Age (years), mean ± SD | 9.4 ± 5.7 | 9.8 ± 5.0 | 0.825 |
Underlying disorders | 0.389 | ||
 Acute myeloid leukemia  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia  Severe aplastic anemia  Neuroblastoma  Lymphoma  Severe combined immune deficiency | 8 (34.8) 10 (43.5) 3 (13.0) 1 (4.3) 1 (4.3) 0 (0.0) | 7 (53.8) 2 (15.4) 2 (15.4) 1 (7.7) 0 (0.0) 1 (7.7) | |
Remission state of underlying malignancya | 0.682 | ||
 Complete remission  Non-complete remission | 6 (30.0) 14 (70.0) | 2 (20.0) 8 (80.0) | |
Administered therapy preceding bacteremia | 0.454 | ||
 Induction chemotherapy  Re-induction chemotherapy  Consolidation chemotherapy  Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation  Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation  Palliative chemotherapy  Noneb | 2 (8.7) 9 (39.1) 5 (21.7) 0 (0.0) 2 (8.7) 3 (13.0) 2 (8.7) | 0 (0.0) 4 (30.8) 1 (7.7) 1 (7.7) 2 (15.4) 4 (30.8) 1 (7.7) | |
Central venous catheter | 0.034 | ||
Hickman catheter Subcutaneously implanted chemoport None | 14 (60.9) 7 (30.4) 2 (8.7) | 13 (100.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) | |
Polymicrobial infection | 7 (30.4) | 2 (15.4) | 0.438 |
Breakthrough infection | 1 (4.3) | 7 (53.8) | <0.001 |
Local infection Gastrointestinal tract infection Respiratory tract infection Skin and soft tissue infection Catheter site infection | 19 (82.6) 9 (39.1) 8 (34.8) 6 (26.1) 2 (8.7) | 7 (53.8) 6 (46.2) 3 (23.1) 1 (7.7) 0 (0.0) | 0.119 0.681 0.708 0.382 0.525 |
Previous antibiotic therapy | 18 (78.3) | 12 (92.3) | 0.385 |
Empirical antibiotic therapy | 0.078 | ||
 Piperacillin/tazobactam with aminoglycoside  Meropenem  Cefepime  Cefepime with aminoglycoside  Meropenem with aminoglycoside | 13 (56.5) 6 (26.1) 3 (13.0) 1 (4.3) 0 (0.0) | 3 (23.1) 8 (61.5) 0 (0.0) 1 (7.7) 1 (7.7) | |
Empirical combination antibiotic therapy | 14 (60.9) | 5 (38.5) | 0.196 |
Appropriateness of empirical antibiotics | |||
Overall β-lactam agents | 23 (100.0) 21 (91.3) | 7 (53.8) 3 (23.1) | 0.001 <0.001 |
Fever duration (days), median (range) | 3 (1–53) | 4 (1–32) | 0.745 |
Complications Hypoxia Shock Mechanical ventilator care Renal dysfunction Hepatic dysfunction | 9 (39.1) 7 (30.4) 7 (30.4) 5 (21.7) 4 (17.4) 2 (8.7) | 8 (61.5) 7 (53.8) 6 (46.2) 3 (23.1) 4 (30.8) 2 (15.4) | 0.299 0.166 0.474 1.000 0.422 0.609 |
Mortality | 5 (21.7) | 9 (69.2) | 0.005 |