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Table 1 Characteristics of febrile neutropenic children and adolescents with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia

From: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in febrile neutropenic children and adolescents with the impact of antibiotic resistance: a retrospective study

Factor

Number (%)

Male sex

26 (72.2)

Age (years), mean ± SD

9.5 ± 5.4

Underlying disorders

 Acute myeloid leukemia

 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

 Severe aplastic anemia

 Neuroblastoma

 Lymphoma

 Severe combined immune deficiency

15 (41.7)

12 (33.3)

5 (13.9)

2 (5.6)

1 (2.8)

1 (2.8)

Remission state of underlying malignancya

 Complete remission

 Non-complete remission

8 (26.7)

22 (73.3)

Administered therapy preceding bacteremia

 Induction chemotherapy

 Re-induction chemotherapy

 Consolidation chemotherapy

 Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation

 Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

 Palliative chemotherapy

 Noneb

2 (5.6)

13 (36.1)

6 (16.7)

1 (2.8)

4 (11.1)

7 (19.4)

3 (8.3)

Central venous catheter

 Hickman catheter

 Subcutaneously implanted chemoport

 None

27 (75.0)

7 (19.4)

2 (5.6)

Polymicrobial infection

9 (25.0)

Breakthrough infection

8 (22.2)

Local infection

 Gastrointestinal tract infection

 Respiratory tract infection

 Skin and soft tissue infection

 Catheter site infection

26 (72.2)

15 (41.7)

11 (30.6)

7 (19.4)

2 (5.6)

Empirical antibiotic therapy

 Piperacillin/tazobactam with aminoglycoside

 Meropenem

 Cefepime

 Cefepime with aminoglycoside

 Meropenem with aminoglycoside

16 (44.4)

14 (38.9)

3 (8.3)

2 (5.6)

1 (2.8)

Empirical combination antibiotic therapy

19 (52.8)

Appropriateness of empirical antibiotics

 Overall

 β-lactam agents

30 (83.3)

24 (66.7)

Fever duration (days), median (range)

4 (1–53)

Complications

 Hypoxia

 Shock

 Mechanical ventilator care

 Renal dysfunction

 Hepatic dysfunction

17 (47.2)

14 (38.9)

13 (36.1)

8 (22.2)

8 (22.2)

4 (11.1)

Death

14 (38.9)

Multidrug-resistant strain infections

13 (36.1)

  1. SD, standard deviation
  2. aRemission state of the underlying malignancy was determined in 30 children except those with non-malignant underlying disorders
  3. bThree children with severe aplastic anemia had not received any therapy prior to the development of bacteremia